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P3 > V3C3 Neurology > Flashcards

V3C3 Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

The nervous system consists of two main divisions …

A
  1. The central nervous system

2. The peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

Consist of the brain and spinal cord

A

The central nervous system

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3
Q

Divided into two major sub-divisions, the somatic nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system

A

The peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

Governs voluntary functions (those we control consciously

A

The somatic nervous system

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5
Q

These two sub-divisions of the autonomic nervous system work together to carry out involuntary physiologic processes such as regulation of blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion.

A

the sympathetic and parasympathethic nervous system

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6
Q

The fundamental unit of the nervous system is the

A

neuron

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7
Q

Transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body

A

axons

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8
Q

How many bones constitute the spine?

A

33; 7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal

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9
Q

Protective membranes that cover the entire central nervous system

A

Meninges

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10
Q

The durable, outermost layer of the meninges

A

dura mater

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11
Q

The middle, weblike structure is known as the

A

archnoid membrane

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12
Q

The innermost layer, directly overlying the central nervous system

A

pia mater

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13
Q

a watery clear fluid that acts as a cushion to protect these organs from physical impact

A

cerebospinal fluid

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14
Q

governs all sensory and motor actions

A

cerebrum

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15
Q

responsible for involuntary actions such as temperature regulation, sleep, water balance, stress response, and emotions

A

Diencephalon

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16
Q

Major region controlling eye movement

A

Mesencephalon

17
Q

The system responsible for consciousness

A

Reticular activating system

18
Q

These fibers transmit impulses to the central nervous system from the body

A

Afferent (sensory)

19
Q

These fibers carry impulses from the central nervous system to the body

A

Efferent (motor)

20
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

21
Q

Sympathetic dominates during

A

Stress

22
Q

Parasympathetic dominates during

A

rest

23
Q

Any malfunction or damage of the peripheral nerves

A

Peripheral neuropathy

24
Q

Normal range for ETCO2

A

35-40 mmHg

25
Q

Arms flexed, legs extended

A

Decorticate

26
Q

Arms and legs extended

A

Decerebrate

27
Q

Describe Cushings triad

A

Increased blood pressure, decreased pulse, irregular respiration’s

28
Q

Describe AEIOU-TIPS

A 
Alcohol, acidosis
Epilepsy
Infection
Overdose
Uremia
Trauma, tumor, toxin
Insulin
Psychosis, poison
Stroke, seizure
29
Q

A general term that describes injury or death of brain tissue usually due to interruption of cerebral blood flow

A

Stroke

30
Q

Occurs when a cerebral artery is blocked by a clot or other foreign matter which results in ischemia

A

Occlusive stroke

31
Q

A temporary alteration in behavior due to the massive electrical discharge of one or more groups of neurons in the brain

A

Seizure

32
Q

Seizure that begins as an electrical discharge in a small area of the brain but spread to involve the entire cerebral cortex, causing widespread malfunction

A

Generalized seizure

33
Q

Seizures that remain confined to a limited portion of the brain, causing localized malfunction

A

Partial seizure

34
Q

Type of generalized seizure characterized by rapid loss of consciousness and motor coordination, muscle spasms, and jerking motions

A

Tonic clonic seizure

35
Q

A brief, generalized seizure that usually presents with a 10-30 second loss of consciousness or awareness, eye or muscle fluttering

A

Absence seizure

36
Q

Characterized by chaotic movement or dysfunction of one area of the body

A

Partial seizure

37
Q

A series of two or more generalized motor seizures without an intervening return of consciousness

A

Status epilepticus

P3 (7 decks)

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