UWorld cheat sheet 22-29 (Tuesday) Flashcards
An apparent inc in survival in pts diagnosed with a new test [Qid: 1170]
Lead-time bias (actually have an unchanged prognosis)
Rate of O2 consumption ÷ arteriovenous O2 content difference [Qid: 1529]
CO
Causes crystalline nephropathy if adequate hydration is not also provided [Qid: 1642]
Acyclovir
Reduced gallbladder contractility, due to decreased CCK secretion is responsible for ____________________ in pts w/ ____________________. [Qid: 601]
biliary stones / somatostatinomas
Obstructive sleep apnea is ass w/ systemic hypertension. Prolonged OSA can also cause ____________________ and ____________________. [Qid: 1985]
Pulm HTN / RHF
____________________ is characterized by dysphagia (esophageal web formation) and iron deficiency anemia. Findings ass w/ ____________________ include koilonychias (spoon-shaped nails) and shiny red tongue. Most symptoms resolve following iron supplementation. [Qid: 1075]
Plummer-Vinson syndrome / Iron deficiency
PYR-positive, beta-hemolytic. [Qid: 8857]
Strep Pyo
Corynebacterium diphtheria A/B exotoxin:
_____ (think: binding) subunit allows penetration of the _____ (think: active) subunit into the cell to ___________________. [Qid: 1092]
A / B / Inhibit ribosome function
____________________ –> AR disorder of de novo pyrimidine synth –> defect in UMP-synthase –> Pres w/ mental retardation, megaloblastic anemia, and large amounts of urinary orotic acid. ____________________ suppl can improve symptoms. [Qid: 2066]
Orotic aciduria / Uridine
In children age <6, ____________________ inf is most often (>80%) silent or subclinical (“anicteric”). Unlike hep B or C, ____________________ is a self-limiting disease that is not ass w/ an asymptomatic carrier state. [Qid: 373]
Ornithine transcarboxylase def
Failure to thrive, hyperammonemic encephalopathy within the first few weeks of life.
HAV / HAV
Acidosis stimulates renal ____________________, a process by which renal tubular epithelial cells metabolize glutamine to glutamate. ____________________ (excreted in the urine) & ____________________ (absorbed into the blood) [Qid: 11939]
Ammoniagenesis / Ammonium / Bicarbonate
The pO2 in the left atrium and ventricle is ____________________ than in the pulmonary capillaries due to mixing of oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins w/ deO2 blood from the ____________________ and ____________________. [Qid: 1542]
Lower / bronchial circ / thebesian veins
Anovulation is a CC of infertility. ____________________ is a T/t option that acts like FSH and triggers the formation of a dominant ovarian follicle. Ovulation is then induced by administration of ____________________, which mimics LH surge (Same α subunit). [Qid: 207]
Menotropin / hCG
L. Monocytogenes produces a very narrow zone of _____-hemolysis on blood agar, shows tumbling motility at _____⁰C, and can be cultured at temperatures as low as 4⁰C. Intact ____________________ immunity is essential for elimination of bacterium from the body. Neonates up to 3 months of age are especially vulnerable as their ____________________ immunity is not yet fully developed. [Qid: 1391]
β / 22 / cell-mediated / cell-mediated
Location of AV node [Qid: 11956]
Near the insertion of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve and the orifice of the coronary sinus
Occurs in the fragile germinal matrix and inc in fre w/ dec age and birth weight [Qid: 8564]
Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage
Complications of prematurity [Qid: 8564]
- BP* IN RR:
- Bronchopulm dysplasia
- PDA
- Intraventricular hemorrhage
- Necrotizing enterocolitis
- Respiratory distress syndrome
- Retinopathy of prematurity
In viridians strep –> ____________________ facilitate streptococcal adherence to fibrin. [Qid: 1003]
Dextrans
↑ Cholestrol = _____ in likelihood of gallstone formation.
↑ bile salts and ↑ phosphatidylcholine = _____ risk for gallstones and _____ cholesterol solubility.
[Qid: 78]
↑ / ↓ / ↑
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, doxorubicin therapy, selenium deficiency and viral myocarditis dilated cardiomyopathy w/ LV systolic dysfunction characterized by inc LV volume
Shift in P/V curve to the right
Diastolic HF is caused by decreased ventricular compliance which can lead to decreased LVED₽ at the same LVED volumes. HTN, obesity and infiltrative disorders (eg, transthyretin-related amyloidosis, sarcoidosis) are important causes of DHF.
Shift in P/V curve that goes upward and to the left
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, doxorubicin therapy, selenium deficiency and viral myocarditis dilated cardiomyopathy w/ LV systolic dysfunction characterized by inc LV volume
Shift in P/V curve to the right
↓ ventricular compliance / ↓ LVED₽ / LVED volumes
Diastolic HF is caused by ____________________ which leads to ↓ ____________________ at the same ____________________. [Qid: 93]
Important causes DHF [Qid: 93]
HTN, obesity and infiltrative disorders (eg, transthyretin-related amyloidosis, sarcoidosis)
Shift in P/V curve that goes upward and to the left [Qid: 93]
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
