Uveitis Flashcards
Inflammation of the uveal tract
Uveitis
Causes of uveitis
Exogenous (trauma)
Endogenous (systemic dse, intraocular abnormalities)
Types of uveitis
Suppurative
-endophthalmitis
-panopthalmitis
Non suppurative
An autoimmone dse in which organs and cells is damaged
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Facial “butterfly skin lesion”
SLE
A chronic multisystem dse.
Unknown cause
Rheumatoid arthritis
Hallmark: cartilage damage and bone erosion
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Presentation is
20-50 years old
Splenomegaly
Swelling of lymph nodes
Pain or swelling in 1 or more joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Associated with rheumatoid arthritis
Scleromalacia perforans
Chronic process
Begins before 16 y.o.
Still’s dse
Hepatomegaly
Leukocytosis
Juvenile rheumatoid arthrtitis
Bilateral iridocylclitis
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Secondary cataract
JRA
Band keratopathy
JRA
3 diagnostic criteria of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
-Necrotizing granulomatous lesions of the respiratory tract
–Generalized necrotizing arteritis
–Renal involvement with necrotizing glomerulitis
Proptosis due to granulomatous formation
Wegener’s Granulomatosis
If vasculitis affects the eye- conjunctivitis, peripheral corneal ulceration, episcleritis, scleritis, uveitis and retinal vasculitis
WG
Defined as an episode of peripheral arthritis of more than 1 month’s duration occurring in association with urethritis or cervicitis or both
Reiter Syndrome
vitreous opacities
Choroiditis
Posterior uveitis
red eye, edema, capillary dilatation, exudation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes severe pain, abrupt reduction of vision, self limited course, pinpoint keratic deposits
Ciliary injection
Acute anterior uveitis
minimal or absent pain, gradual visual reduction, protracted course, heavy keratic deposits, frequent iris nodules
Chronic anterior uveitis
Triad of Reiter Syndrome
Urethritis
Conjunctivitis
Arthritis (knees and ankles)
Ocular features:
•Scleritis
•Keratitis
•Uveitis
•Conjunctivitis
Reiter Syndrome
Treatment
Corticosteroids
Azathioprine
Colchicine
RS
In young patients with acute sarcoid
Acute non-granulomatous
In older px with chronic sarcoid
Chronic granulomatous
multisystem disorder presenting with recurrent oral and genital ulcerations as well as ocular involvement
Behcet’s Dse
Adhesion of iris towards the cornea
Anterior synechia
Adhesion of iris towards the lens
Posterior synechia
An idiopathic disorder which typically affects young men from the eastern Mediterranean region and Japan, rare in western Europe and America
Behcet’s Dse
Clinical triad:
•Relapsing iritis
•Aphthous ulcer
•Genital ulcer seen in 95% of cases
Ocular signs occur in 75% of cases
Uveitis is usually severe with hypopyon
Retinal vein occlusion and papillitis may occur
Erythema nodosum-like lesions
BD
Ocular Features
Acute recurrent iridocyclitis
Retinitis
Occlusive retinal periphlebitis
Diffuse leakage throughout the fundus which can result to retinal edema, cystoid macular edema or hyperemia of the optic disc
Behcet’s DSE
An idiopathic, multisystem disorder which typically affects pigmented individuals
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome
Complications of Uveitis
Posterior synechia
Cataract
Glaucoma
Band Keratopathy
