UTS Flashcards
J O H N L O C KE
T A B U L A R A S A
tabula rasa: the theory that individuals are born
without built-in mental content
the theory that individuals are born
without built-in mental content
tabula rasa
Factors in Development
HEREDITY / NATURE
ENVIRONMENT / NURTURE
the transmission of traits or
characteristics from parent to
offspring
HEREDITY / NATURE
through genes
HEREDITY / NATURE
the sum total of the forces or
experiences that a person undergoes
from conception to old age.
ENVIRONMENT / NURTURE
through perception and other people
ENVIRONMENT / NURTURE
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Fertlized egg
2-cell stage
4-cell stage
8-cell stage
16-cell stage
Blastocyst
Foetus- 4 weeks
Foetus- 10 weeks
Foetus- 16 weeks
Foetus- 20 weeks
Each parent contributes one _________ to the offspring (XX / XY)
sex chromosome
TRUE/FALSE
Both male and female chromosomes contain several thousands of genes
TRUE
______ are tiny particles in a string-like formation.
genes
TRUE/FALSE
They are the true carriers of the hereditary characteristics of the parents. (Genes)
TRUE
Within the gene is a substance called
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
TRUE/FALSE
At birth, the sexual genital (penis for male, vagina for female) is a biological feature that distinguishes males from females.
True
(penis for male, vagina for female)
sexual genital
Moreover, during puberty, observable changes in the
human body also known as ___________ begin.
secondary sexual characteristics
Moreover, during ______, observable changes in the
human body also known as secondary sexual characteristics begin
puberty
TRUE/FALSE
Humans are likely to engage in sexual activities to satisfy sexual urges.
True
Humans are likely to engage in _______ to satisfy sexual urges.
sexual activities
TRUE/FALSE
However, the kind of sexual activities they engage in may vary.
True
TRUE/FALSE
A person should be aware of his/her sexuality and sexual attributes in order to make lousy decisions.
False
A person should be aware of his/her sexuality and sexual attributes in order to make responsible decisions.
THE MALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
The sperm
The sperm
Head with the acrosome
Mid-piece or body
Tail
Enzyme Hyaluronidase
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE
MALE SYSTEM
Sperm Analysis
Erection
Ejaculation
One o f the first tests done to determine male infertility
Sperm Analysis
Sterile if less than 20 million sperm per ml
Sperm Analysis
Controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system
erection
Nitri coxide causes the smooth muscles to relax and the blood vessels dilate
erection
Controlled by the sympathetic nervous system
Ejaculation
Also called climax or orgasm
Ejaculation
THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Urine cycle
Menstrual Cycle
Urine cycle
Menstrual stage (menses)
Pre-ovulatory stage
(proliferative)
Post-ovulatory stage
(secretory)
is a series of natural
changes in hormone production and the
structures of the uterus and ovaries of
the female reproductive system that
make pregnancy possible
Menstrual Cycle
Biological sex is one’s assignment upon birth and is dependent on physical feature. On the other hand gender is an identity that is learned and embraced by the individual.
sexuality
_______ is one’s assignment upon birth and is dependent on physical feature.
Biological sex
an identity that is learned and embraced by the individual.
gender
Gender roles refer to a societal expectations of how men and woman should act. Everyone has a basic idea of gender roles, men are assumed to be strong and dominant while women are perceived to be to be submissive and demure.
Gender Orientation
refer to a societal expectations of how men and woman should act.
Gender roles
Everyone has a basic idea of gender roles, men are assumed to be_________ while women are perceived to be to be ___________.
strong and dominant
submissive and demure
Sexual intercourse (_______) is the reproductive act in which the male organ
(penis) enters the female’s reproductive tract (vagina).
(copulation)
is the reproductive act in which the male organ
(penis) enters the female’s reproductive tract (vagina).
Sexual intercourse (copulation)
If the woman is fertile during the time of intercourse, pregnancy is likely to occur and it last approximately nine months before birth of the child. Having a child entails a big responsibility and should not be merely a consequence of an impulsive moment.
Sexual Choices
TRUE/FALSE
Having a child entails a big responsibility and should not be merely a consequence of an impulsive moment.
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE
Physical risk to having an early pregnancy may impact an adolescent development, including miscarriage, emotional stress and health risk to both mother and infant.
true
Probably no set of diseases is more stigmatized than ____________
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
despite the fact that they’re also some
of the most common infections across the spectrum of humanity
STD
Sores mainly occur on the
external genitalia, vagina, anus,
or rectum. Sores can also occur
on the lips and in the mouth.
SYPHILIS
-Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear
-sore or red throat if you have _______- in the throat from oral sex
GONORRHEA
-rectal pain
-blood and pus in bowel movements if you have ________in the rectum from anal sex
GONORRHEA
redness in eyes
irritation
swollen eyelids
mucous discharge
CHLAMYDIA
tearing
photophobia
swollen lymph nodes around eyes
CHLAMYDIA
-Small, flesh-colored, brown or pink swellings in your genital area
-A cauliflower-like shape caused by several warts close together
-Itching or discomfort in your genital area
-Bleeding with intercourse
genital warts
The most alarming sexually transmitted disease
is the __________ caused by the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV).
It can be transmitted by contact
between broken skin, wounds, or mucous
membranes and HIV-infected blood or blood contaminated body fluids.
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS)
It can be transmitted by contact
between broken skin, wounds, or mucous
membranes and HIV-infected blood or blood contaminated body fluids.
HIV
HIV meaning
human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)
Methods of Contraception
Natural Method
Artificial Method
Surgical Method
Natural Method
ABSTINENCE
CALENDAR METHOD
COITUS INTERRUPTUS
This natural method involves
refraining from sexual intercourse
and is the most effective natural
birth control method with an
ideally 0% fail rate.
ABSTINENCE
This method is also called the
rhythm method. It entails
withholding from coitus during the days the woman is fertile.
CALENDAR METHOD
the couple still goes on with coitus, but the man withdraws the moment he ejaculates to emit the spermatozoa outside of the female reproductive organ.
COITUS INTERRUPTUS
A disadvantage of this method is the pre-ejaculation fluid that
contains a few spermatozoa that may cause fertilization.
COITUS INTERRUPTUS
Artificial Method
Oral Contraceptives
Vaginal Ring
Hormonal injections
Intra-uterine device (IUD)
Chemical Barriers
Male Condoms
Cervical cap
Female Condoms
are made up of latex rubber sheaths that arepre-lubricated
with spermicide. They are usually bound by two
rings. The outer ring is first inserted against the opening of the female reproductive organ and the inner ring cover the cervix.
It is used to prevent fertilization of the egg by the sperms.
Female Condoms
made of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of
the cervix. It is shaped like a thimble with a thin rim, and
could stay in place for more than 48 hours.
Cervical cap
is a latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is
placed on the erect male reproductive organ before penetration
into the female reproductive organ to trap the sperm during
ejaculation.
male condom
such as spermicides, vaginal gels and
creams, and glycerin films are used to cause the death of
sperms before they can enter the cervix and to lower the pH
level of the female reproductive organ so it will not become
conducive for the sperm. On the other hand, these ____cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections.
Chemical Barriers
It is a small, T-shaped object containing progesterone that is
inserted into the uterus via the female reproductive organ. It
prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory
condition to prevent implantation to the zygote.
INTRA-UTERINE
DEVICE (IUD)
contains medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone, and is usually given once every 12 weeks
intramuscularly. The________ causes changes in the
endometrium and cervical mucus and can help prevent
ovulation
Hormonal injection
releases a combination of estrogen and
progesterone and it surrounds the cervix. This silicon
ring is inserted into the female reproductive organ and
remains there for three weeks and then removed on the
fourth week,
vaginal ring
It is also known as the pill. contain
synthetic estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen suppresses the
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and LH to prevent
ovulation.
Oral contraceptives/contraception
SURGICAL METHOD
VASECTOMY
LIGATION
performed after menstruation and before ovulation. The procedure is done through a small incision under the woman’s umbilicus that targets the fallopian tube for cutting, cauterizing, or blocking to inhibit the passage
of both the sperm and the ova
LIGATION
a small incision is made on each side of the scrotum. The vas deferens is then tied, cauterized, cut, or plugged to block the passage of the sperm. The patient is advised to use a backup contraceptive method until two negative sperm count results are recorded because the sperm could remain viable in the vas deferens for six months.
VASECTOMY
