UTS Flashcards
the sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals.
SELF
On Self Within
- was one of the earliest psychologists to study the self, and he conceptualized the self as having two aspects - the “I” and the “me”.
William James
*The ___ is the thinking, acting, and feeling self.
“I”
The ___ is the physical characteristics as well as psychological capabilities that make who you are
“me”
On Self Within
*The “I” as the one who acts and decides.
*While the “me” is what you think or feel about yourself as an object
*Carl Rogers’ theory of personality also used the same terms.
Similar concepts to “self”
-is composed of one’s personal characteristics, roles, and responsibilities, as well as affiliations that define who one is.
- Identity
- is basically what comes to your mind when you are asked about yourself
- Self-concept
- our own organized system or collection of knowledge about who we are
*Carl Rogers captured this idea in his concept of self-schema
The ____is not limited to the given example. It may also include your interests, your work, your course, your age, your name, and your physical characteristics among others. As you grow and adapt to the changes around you, they also change.
schema
They actively shape and affect how you see, think, and feel about other things or the people around you.
*Carl Rogers captured this idea in his concept of self-schema
*Theories generally see these concepts of self and identity as mental constructs, created and recreated in memory.
FRONTAL LOBE
- Current research points to the frontal lobe of the brain as the specific area in the brain related with the processes of the self.
FRONTAL LOBE
~Planning
~Problem Solving
~Motivation ~Judgement
~Decision Making ~Impulse Control
~Social Behavior ~Personality
~Memory Learning
~Reward
~Attention
Frontal
Executive Functioning-DA
FRONTAL LOBE
FRONTAL
(Mental & Physical)
ACTION
-the most influential psychologist who followed the trend of thought by looking deeper into what they thought was the mind.
Sigmund Freud
-he conceptualized the processes, construct, and behavior of the “self” as the results of the interaction between the Id, the Ego, and the Superego.
Sigmund Freud
-pleasure principle
-the impulsive and unconscious part of our self that responds directly and immediately to basic urges, needs, and desires.
ld
-reality principle
-it’s what the person is aware of when they think about themselves and what they usually try to project toward others.
Ego
-incorporates the values and morals of society, which are learned from one’s parents and others.
-motivates us to behave in a socially responsible and acceptable manner
*Superego
morality principle
Superego
makes the decision.
EGO
Internal and External
* Recalling____ “symbolic interactionism”, argued that human interaction helps develop the self.
George Herbert Mead,
, argued that human interaction helps develop the self.
“symbolic interactionism”
*The results of this interaction between who we think we are and how others see us is what others call “self-concept”.
“symbolic interactionism”
Internal and External
______ identified two types of self that we can be aware of:
1. The private self or a person’s internal thoughts and feelings
2. The public self or what a person commonly shows to the others, specifically for creating a good public image.
*Carver and Scheier
*Carver and Scheier identified two types of self that we can be aware of:
- The private self or a person’s internal thoughts and feelings
- The public self or what a person commonly shows to the others, specifically for creating a good public image.
Internal and External
presents us with at least three other self-schemas:
1. The actual self is who we are at the present
2. The ideal self is who we like to be, especially in the future
3. The ought self is who we think we should be in contrast to the actual self.
*Self-awareness
presents us with at least three other self-schemas:
- The actual self is who we are at the present
- The ideal self is who we like to be, especially in the future
- The ought self is who we think we should be in contrast to the actual self.
- The actual self
is who we are at the present
- The ideal self
is who we like to be, especially in the future
- The ought self
is who we think we should be in contrast to the actual self.
Internal and External
may be positive or negative depending on the circumstances and our next course of action.
*Self-awareness
can keep you from doing something dangerous, it can help remind you that there is an exam tomorrow in one of your subjects when you are about to spend time playing computer games with your cousins, among others.
- Self-awareness
can be too much that we are concerned about being observed and criticized by others, also known as self-consciousness
*Self-awareness
On Self-Esteem
also affect our self-esteem, which is defined as our personal positive or negative perception or evaluation of ourselves.
Group identity and self-awareness
*One of the ways in which our social relationship affects our self-esteem is through social comparison.
*According to ______ , we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behaviors, as well as our social statuses by comparing aspects of ourselves with other people.
social comparison theory
On Self-Esteem
-the more common type of comparing ourselves with others.
- we create a positive self-concept by comparing ourselves with those who are worse off than us.
-by having the advantage, we are able to raise our self-esteem.
*Downward social comparison
On Self-Esteem
- is comparing ourselves with those who are better off than us.
-it can be a form of motivation for some - a lot of those who do this actually felt lower self-esteem as we highlight more of our weaknesses or inequities.
*Upward social comparison
On Self-Esteem
also entails what is called self-evaluation maintenance theory, which states that we can feel threatened when someone outperform us, especially when that person is close to us, that is, a friend or family
*Social comparison
On Self-Esteem
- In that case we react in three ways:
First:
-We distance ourselves from that person or redefine our relationship with them.
-Some will resort to silent treatment or change of friends
-Some may also redefine by being closer to that person, hoping that some association may give him or her a certain kind of acknowledgement also.
On Self-Esteem
- In that case we react in three ways:
Second:
-We may consider the importance of the aspect or skill in which we were outperformed.
-(If we got beaten in drawing, we might think that drawing is not really for is and we will find a hobby where we could excel, thus preserving our self-esteem
On Self-Esteem
- In that case we react in three ways:
Third:
-We may also strengthen our resolve to improve that certain aspect of ourselves.
-(Instead of quitting drawing, we might join seminars, practice more often, read books about it, add some elements in our drawing that makes it unique)
-Achieving your goal through hard work may increase your self-esteem.
Described by Shavelson, total self or general self is made up of the academic self and nonacademic self.
Physical Self
-is influenced by the learning process and the individual’s emotions, behavior, and experiences during the learning process.
*Academic Self
-is shaped by an individual’s social self, emotional self, and physical self.
*Nonacademic Self
- is the concrete dimension, the tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined.
Physical Self
- it is composed of systems that receive and respond to various external and internal stimuli.
Physical Self
His concept of self and personality makes the physical body the core of human experience.
Sigmund Freud
- Emphasized the unity of the mind and body.
*The body is central to all dynamic psychological functioning and it plays a very important role in storing and channeling the bioenergy, which is considered as the basis of human existence and experience.
Wilhelm Reich
- Considered experience as firmly associated on the ground-plan of the body.
Erik Erikson
*He stated that organs of the body are essential during the early developmental stages of a person.
Erik Erikson
*The formation and development of physical and intellectual skills greatly influence the ability of the individual to choose his role in the society and be fulfilled.
Erik Erikson
- Physical health is directly correlated to the competence of children.
Erik Erikson
- Healthy children are more competent and therefore, will become more capable of acquiring complex skills than children who are undernourished and sickly
Erik Erikson
*Provided a very important lesson about our physical bodies when he laid down Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
Abraham Maslow
Once the physiological needs are met, the person becomes dedicated to attaining the higher-order needs.
Abraham Maslow
*That is why he emphasized that we give due attention to all the needs of the body.
Abraham Maslow
*A well-nourished, loved, respected individual experiences fulfillment.
Abraham Maslow
has been considered as the “real home”, “temple”, or “vehicle”. It is the only one that we have throughout our entire lives and is also the one most intimate to us.
Taking Care of our Physical Body
- The physical body
our instrument so we can perform our daily tasks, interact with other people, with other living organisms, and with the rest of our surroundings.
* It is vital that we take good care of every structure that makes up our bodies. We have to make sure that it can function well.
When we take good care of it, we are not only referring to the external part, but even the internal components of the body.
- Our physical body
is the intentional, planned, and actual act of taking the time to attend to our basic physical, mental, and emotional needs.
*Self-care
It is quality rest that we offer to our bodies in order to replenish the lost energy utilized in performing our daily activities.
It is an act of kindness for ourselves.
Taking Care of our Physical Body
