UTIs In Children Flashcards
Untreated persistent UTIs may lead to
Permanent Kidney Damage
What are the risk factors for UTIs
Vesicourethral reflux
Toilet training
Bacteria with P.Fimbriae
Labial adhesion(fusion of Labia majora and labial minora)
Constipation
Wiping from back to front in girls
Sexual activity
What is the major causative agent of UTI in girls
E.coli
Other causes: klebsiella spp, Proteus spp and pseudomonas spp
In boys more than a year, what is the major causative agent
Proteus and E.coli
Renal infection rarely occurs via hematogenous route Except in
Neonates
The three basic forms of UTIs are
Puelonephritis
Cystitis
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Acute pyelonephritis can result in renal injury termed
Pyelonephritic scarring
Does cystitis cause fever and renal injury
No
Symptoms of cystitis
Dysuria
Urgency
Frequency
Incontinence
Suprapubic Pain
Malodorous Urine
What is Asymptomatic Bacteriuria
Positive Urine Culture without any manifestation of infection
Symptoms of pyelonephritis on newborn
Poor feeding
Irritability
Jaundice
Weight loss
In diagnosis of UTI what suggests renal involvement
White blood cell casts
Laboratory findings common in cystitis
Microscopic hematuria
In a urine infected with UTI what is usually positive
Nitrites and leukocyte esterase
What is pyuria
Leukocytes in urine
Sterile pyuria can occur in
Partially treated UTIs
Viral infections
Renal tb
UTIs in the presence of urinary obstruction
Urethritis due to STD
Interstitial nephritis
When is a diagnosis of UTI made
Culture showing more than 100,000 colonies of a single pathogen
Or 10000 colonies and child is asymptomatic
What drug is used in the Treatment of cystitis
Nitrofurantoin 5-7mg/kg/day
Amoxicillin 50-75mg/kg/day
What are the drugs used in the treatment of Pyelonephritis
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Ampicillin + genticin
Ciprofloxacin
How long should the antibiotic therapy of pyelonephritis last
10-14 days
How long should the antibiotic therapy of cystitis last
5 days
Aim of imaging studies in UTI
Identify Anatomical abnormalities that may predispose to infection
Determine active renal involvement
Assess renal function
When should ultrasonography of kidneys and bladder be done
Children with their first episode of pyelonephritis
Children with febrile UTI
Children with positive urine culture
