UTI Flashcards
Most common bacteria associated with UTI (gram neg)
E.coli (80%), Citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., klebsiella spp., serratia spp.
risk factors for UTI
younger age group (neonate, infant), female, uncircumcised, constipation, abnormalities
s/s of UTI in neonates
jaundice, FTT, fever, difficulty feeding, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea
s/s of UTI in infants and <2yo
cloudy or malodorous urine, hematuria, frequency, dysuria
s/s of UTI in children >2yo
fever, frequency, dysuria, enuresis, hematuria, abd pain
rapid urine test pearl
not intended to replace urine culture as a diagnostic tool
doesn’t ID pathogen or susceptibility
first line treatments for UTI
cephalosporins, bactrim, B-lactam
who gets parenteral treatment for UTI
septic children, infants <2mo, immunocompromised, unable to tolerate PO
continued until patient is afebrile
duration of treatment for uncomplicated UTI
7 days
duration of treatment for complicated UTI and pyelonephritis
10-14 days
risk factors for Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
febrile UTI, parent/sibling with VUR, prenatal hydronephrosis
complications of VUR
recurrent UTI, renal scarring, hypertension
treatment of VUR
obs, abx prophylaxis, surgery
UTI prophylaxis goal
prevent irreversible damage (scarring)
UTI prophylaxis candidates
neonates/infants being evaluated for anatomic or functional UT abnormalities, children with VUR or dysfunctional voiding, immunocompromised, children with recurrent UTIs with normal anatomy
UTI prophylaxis target populations
female, VUR grade 5, bladder/bowel dysfunction
UTI prophylaxis duration
1-2 years
until outgrown or surgery
antibiotics for UTI prophylaxis
neonates/infants </2mo: amoxicillin
infants >2mo: Bactrim or nitrofurantoin
generally avoid cephalosporins
