UTI

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Bacterial infection of the bladder and associated structures

Question 2

Aetiology/ causes

Answer 2

Pathogenic bacteria ascend from the perineum and rectum (most commonly Escherichia coli)

Question 3

Risk factors

Answer 3

Use of a urinary catheter
Manipulation of the urethra
Use of spermicides and diaphragms
Previous kidney transplant
Use of antibiotics
Diabetes mellitus

Question 4

Epidemiology/ Population affected

Answer 4

More common in women (4x more common)
Peak incidence between 15-35y/o

Question 5

Clinical presentation

Answer 5

Dysuria (pain when urinating)
Increased urination frequency
Inability to start the urine stream (hesitation)
Increased urgency
Haematuria (blood in urine)

Question 6

Prognosis

Answer 6

Following treatment with an antibiotic, the duration of symptoms is ususally 2-4 days

Nearly 30% of women will have a recurrence of the infection

Missing work and school are common sequelae

Question 7

DDX

Answer 7

Pyelonephritis
Renal stone
Vaginitis
PID
Herpes simplex
Renal infarction