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CORE GU > uterus and vagina > Flashcards

uterus and vagina Flashcards

1
Q

turner syndrome

A

XO kids. aortic co-arctations, horseshoe kidney, streaky kidneys, cystic hygroma

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2
Q

ovaries from what embryologic remnant

A

mullerian ducts

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3
Q

mullerian ducts form what in the female GU system?

A

uterus and upper 2/3 of vagina

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4
Q

upper 2/3 of vagina embryologic remnant

A

mullerian duct

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5
Q

embryologic remnant that makes the bottom 1/3 of the vagina

A

urogenital sinus

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6
Q

urogenital sinus forms what in the female GU system?

A

lower 1/3 of the vagina

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7
Q

what do Wolfian ducts contribute to in the female GU system?

A

nothing in the female GU system

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8
Q

congenital absence of the uterus (or unicornuate or bicornuate) and upper 2/3 vagina with normal ovaries and fallopian tubes

A

Mayer-Rokitanksy-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (Mullerian agenesis). has 3 features: 1`) vaginal atresia. 2) absent or rudimentary uterus and 3) normal ovaries

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9
Q

pt with a unicornuate uterus has what % chance of renal anomalies

A

40% will have renal issues. Usually ipsilateral to the rudimentary horn

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10
Q

who has more infertility issues: patients with a septate uterus or a patient with a bicornuate uterus

A

the septate uterus will have more infertility issues

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11
Q

T-shaped uterus

A

DES related anomaly

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12
Q

Mayer-Rokitanksy-Kuster-Hauser syndrome

A

(Mullerian agenesis). has 3 features: 1`) vaginal atresia. 2) absent or rudimentary uterus and 3) normal ovaries

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13
Q

most common type of leiomyoma

A

Hyaline T2 dark

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14
Q

type of fibroid that is associated with pregnancy

A

red (carneous) Peripheral rim of T1 high signal

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15
Q

T2 bright fibroid

A

myoxoid

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16
Q

risk of malignant transformation of a leiomyoma

A

0.1%. Super duper low. The typical history will be rapidly enlarging

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17
Q

thickening of the junctional zone >12 mm

A

adenomyosis

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18
Q

adenomyosis junctional zone thickness

A

>12 mm

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19
Q

endometrium < 5 mm in a postmenopausal woman

A

atrophy

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20
Q

endometrium > 5 mm in a postmenopausal woman

A

might be cancer. get a biopsy.

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21
Q

HNPCC increased risk of endometrial cancer

A

30-50x increased risk of endometrial cancer

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22
Q

30-50x increased risk of endometrial cancer

A

HNPCC (Lynch Syndrome)

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23
Q

abnormal endometrial thickness on Tamoxifen

A

Tamoxifen endometrium gets a pass up to 8mm. At >8mm it gets a biopsy

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24
Q

If there is concern for an endometrial polyp. Next step?

A

sonohysterogram

25
Q

endometrial fluid in a premenopausal vs post-menopausal woman

A

premenopausal -endometrial fluid is normal. Postmenopausal women - endometrial fluid means either cervical stenosis or an obstructing mass (usually cervical stenosis)

26
Q

how does cervical stenosis in a post menopausal woman manifest?

A

endometrial fluid - which is abnormal in a post menopausal woman.

27
Q

cervical cancer stage most likely to have lymph node mets?

A

IIc

At this stage there is > 50% myometrial invasion - associated with lymph node mets

28
Q

up to what cervical stage can you do surgery?

A

up to stage II A (spread beyond the cervix but no parametrial invasion)

29
Q

what runs inside the parametrium?

A

uterine artery

30
Q

cervical cysts

A

Nabothian cyst

31
Q

most common cancer of the vagina in adults

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

32
Q

most common cancer of the vagina in kids

A

rhabdomyosarcoma bi-modal age distribution in ages 2-6 and 14-18

33
Q

met to the anterior wall upper 1/3 of the vagina

A

from the upper genital tract

34
Q

met to the posterior wall, lower 1/3 of the vagina

A

from the GI tract

35
Q

results of incomplete regression of the wolffian ducts

A

Gartner duct cyst

36
Q

cyst located along the anterior lateral wall of the upper vagina

A

Gartner duct cyst

37
Q

type of cysts that may compress the urethra

A

Gartner duct cyst and Skene Gland cyst

38
Q

Cyst below pubic symphysis near the butt-hole

A

Bartholin duct cyst

39
Q

periurethral gland cyst, low and anterior

A

Skene gland (periurethral)

40
Q

do you ever biopsy an ovary?

A

no

41
Q
A
42
Q
A
43
Q
A
44
Q
A
45
Q

who has a better prognosis: perimenopausal or older (70s) patient with endometrial cancer?

A
46
Q

at what cervical cancer stage is there parametrial involvement?

A

2B

47
Q
A

Smit sleeve - for radiation oncology

48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A
51
Q
A

complete mole resulting in a theca lutein cyst

52
Q

most common for of Mullerian duct anomaly (in females)

A

septate uterus

will have a muscular and fibrous septae

53
Q
A

biopsy

thickened irregular and cystic appearing endometrium. Tamoxifen has proesterogenic effects on the endometrium and associated with increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia, polyps, and carcinoma.

a patient who develops bleeding while taking tamoxifen requires evaluation. >8 mm thick endometrium on tamoxifen –> biopsy

54
Q

what classic HSG case is associated with TB?

A

salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN)

55
Q

the following is associated with:

A

imaging findings are consistent with adenoma malignum, associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and a poor prognosis.

adenoma malignum (mucinous minimal deviation adenocarcinoma) is a rare cervical adenocarcinoma.

56
Q

normal endometrial thickness

A

4 mm

57
Q
A

lipoleiomyoma

hyperechoic mass with a partially hypoechoic rim

58
Q

mullerian duct anomalies are associated with:

A

vertebral body anomalies (20%)

renal anomalies (30-50%)

59
Q
A

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH)

Ovaries are present and function normally, but they are often ectopic. Functioning endometrial tissue within rudimentary uteri may result in intraluminal blood or adenomyosis, and these patients may have pelvic pain.

One or both ovaries are ectopic in 40% of cases and may be seen as follows:

  • Anterolaterally or far laterally in the pelvis
  • Posteriorly to the anterior abdominal wall
  • Very high in the pelvis just below the pelvic brim

CORE GU (8 decks)

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