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CORE GU > kidney CTC > Flashcards

kidney CTC Flashcards

1
Q

most common RCC

A

clear cell

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2
Q

RCC that enhances avidly (= to cortex)

A

Clear cell

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3
Q

second most common RCC

A

papillary

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4
Q

type of RCC typically bilateral in VHL

A

clear cell

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5
Q

associated with sickle cell TRAIT

A

medullary RCC

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6
Q

medullary RCC association

A

sickle cell TRAIT

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7
Q

BHD RCC association

A

chromophobe

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8
Q

RCC loves to grow into the

A

renal vein

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9
Q

what’s worse in RCC, renal vein invasion vs adrenal involvement?

A

adrenal invasion (stage IV) ;because the fascial plane has been broken into. Renal vein is only stage 3

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10
Q

DDx for T2 dark kidney lesion?

A

Papillary RCC;
Lipid poor AML;
Hemorrhagic cyst

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11
Q

central scar/spokewheel pattern

A

oncocytoma

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12
Q

oncocytoma imaging appearance

A

central scar/spokewheel pattern

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13
Q

AMLs are associated with:

A

TSC

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14
Q

when do you treat an AML

A

> 4 cm due to the increased risk of bleeding

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15
Q

Hyperechoic lesion in kidney on US. Next step?

A

if they ask next step –> choose contrast enhanced cross sectional imaging (CT or MRI). This finding could be either AML or RCC so have to rule it out with more imaging. BUT!!….if you are forced to choose what it most likely is…go with AML

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16
Q

multiple bilateral enhancing homogenous masses in the kidneys conforming to the kidney shape

A

lymphoma, lymphoma, lymphoma

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17
Q

do adults get ARPKD or ADPKD?

A

ADults get ADpkd

they are normal at birth

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18
Q

how do ADPKD patients present

A

swollen abdomen and HTN

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19
Q

associations with ADPKD

A

cerebral aneurysms, liver cysts

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20
Q

are ADPKD cysts big or small

A

BIG. ADpkd ADults cysts are BIG

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21
Q

what happens in the liver of patients with ARPKD?

A

hepatic fibrosis (which is inverse to the degree of renal disease)

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22
Q

why do infants with ARPKD die?

A

pulmonary hypoplasia in utero. kidneys don’t work –> no amniotic fluid –> lungs never expand

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23
Q

why are patients with ADPKD more likely to get cancer?

A

dialysis. the disease itself doesn’t cause cancer

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24
Q

history of mania. likely kidney finding?

A

small tiny cysts in a normal sized kidney 2/2 to LITHIUM.

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25
Q

stone “unseen” on plain film x-ray”, but seen on CT

A

uric acid

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26
Q

stone not seen on CT

A

indinavir (HIV med). the only stones not seen on CT

27
Q

stone associated with women with recurrent UTIs

A

struvite stone

28
Q

staghorn stones are seen in

A

XGP

29
Q

do horseshoe kidneys or regular kidneys get more stones?

A

horseshoe kidney

30
Q

most common type of stone

A

calcium oxalate

31
Q

XGP associated stone

A

staghorn calculi

32
Q

struvite stone clinical history

A

stone associated with women with recurrent UTIs

33
Q

hemodynamically significant MEAN systolic pressure gradient by angiography

A

> 10 mm Hg

34
Q

hemodynamically significant PEAK systolic pressure gradient by angiography

A

> 20 mm Hg

35
Q

what are the number values for Mean and Peak systolic pressure gradients that are considered hemodynamically significant in the renal artery in angiography

A

MEAN is > 10 mm Hg

PEAK is > 20 mm Hg

36
Q

RAS by duplex US

A

renal artery/aorta PEAK systolic velocity ratio. If > 3.5 –> at LEAST 60% stenosis

37
Q

nukes study to evaluate for RAS

A

MAG-3 or DTPA captopril study

38
Q

when do you perform anterior imaging for a MAG-3 or DTPA captopril study

A

transplant or horseshoe kidney

39
Q

most common vascular pathology associated with NF1

A

renal artery stenosis

40
Q

what do people with horseshoe kidneys get?

A

TURNER SYNDROME. stones. infections. cancers (RENAL CARCINOID). trauma (isthmus is smashed against the vertebra). kidney has drainage problems.

41
Q

Turner syndrome buzz words

A

streaked ovaries, horseshoe kidney, coarctation of the aorta, hygroma

42
Q

Weigert-Meyer law

A

upper - uretereocele ( U U). ectopic insertion medially and inferior –> obstruction.

inferior - refluxes (I R)

43
Q

female with constant leaking from vagina and a duplicated renal system

A

ectopic insertion of upper moeity ureter into the vagina

44
Q

in a female unilateral absent kidney is associated with

A

unicornuate uterus +/- rudimentary horn

45
Q

pine cone bladder

A

neurogenic bladder

46
Q

anterior urethra cancer

A

SCC

47
Q

posterior urethra cancer

A

TCC

48
Q

urethral cancer in a diverticulum

A

adenocarcinoma

49
Q

calcs in a fatty renal mass

A

RCC

50
Q

protrudes into the renal pelvis

A

multilocular cystic nephroma

51
Q

emphysematous pyelonephritis association

A

diabetes

52
Q

shruken calcified kidney

A

TB

53
Q

big bright kidney with decreased renal function

A

HIV

54
Q

history of lithotripsy

A

Page kidney

55
Q

cortical rim sign

A

subacute renal infarct

56
Q

history of renal biopsy

A

AVF

57
Q

reversed diastolic flow

A

renal vein thrombosis

58
Q

sickle cell trait

A

medullary RCC

59
Q

young adult, renal mass + severe HTn

A

juxtaglomerular cell tumor

60
Q

long stricture in urethra

A

gonococcal

61
Q

short stricture in urethra

A

straddle injury

62
Q

most common location for TCC

A

bladder

63
Q

second most common location for TCC

A

upper urinary tract

64
Q

which is premalignant, leukoplakia or malakioplakia

A

leukoplakia is pre malignant

CORE GU (8 decks)

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