Uterine Disease Flashcards
Endometrium undergoes changes due to _________hormones made by the _______.
sex steroid hormones
ovary
What is menses?
superficial portion of endometrium(EM) is shed
what occurs during the proliferation stage?
rapid growth of glands and stoma in the EM
what are the glands in the EM lined by?
columnar cells
mitosis
(NO MUCOUS NO VACUOLATION)
describe ovulation
proliferation ceases and differentiation begins
what occurs post ovulation
secretory EM
will see vacuoles(they will move to surface due to progesterone)
what ar causes of abnormal uterine bleeding?
- hormonal disturbances
- chronic endometritis
- endometrial polyps
- submucuosal leiomyosmas
- endometrial tumors
what is dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
uterine bleeding without any structural abnormality
-hypothalamic pituitary ovary axis must be intact
what is the most frequent cause of dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
anovulation
what can cause anovulation?
endocrine (thyroid,adrenal or pituitary)
- ovary (tumors or PCOS)
- metabolic (obestiy, malnutrition)
what is the pathology behind dysfunctional uterine bleeding??
endometrium stimulation unopposed by progesterone (won’t see secretory phase because lacking progesterone)
what is a consequence of lack of progesterone during post ovulation
inadequate luteal phase
-infertility associated with increase bleeding or amenorrhea
What is the cause of acute endometritis?
usually bacterial
usually seen after delivery of mimscharge
can be due to retained products of conception
how do you treat acute endometritis?
removed retained products of contraception
give antibiotics
how often is chronic endometritis?
very common
what are the causes of chronic
chronic PID retained gestational tissue IUDs TB Chlamydia
how often is acute endometritis?
very rare
how do you diagnose chronic endometritis?
plasma cells int he stroma
what is the appearance of chronic endometritis?
abnormal bleeding
pain
discharge
and infertility
how do you treat chronic endometritis?
with prophylactic antibiotics to prevent salpinitigitis
what is endometriosis?
ectopic endometrial tissue at a site outside the uterus
What is the type of etopic endometrial tissue seen in endometriosis?
can be both EM glands and stoma or only stroma
where are the sites of topic endometrial tissue in endometriosis?
#1 ovaries -chocolate cyst uterine ligaments rectovaginal septum pelvic peritoneum intestine cervix vagina fallopian tubes
what are the clinical signs and symptoms of endometriosis?
dysmenorrhea
pelvic pain
infertility