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Step 2 > UT Peds > Flashcards

UT Peds Flashcards

1
Q

what is: nevus sebaceous

A

newborn –> area of alopecia w orange, nodular skin

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2
Q

nevus sebaceous: tx

A

risk of malig degen –> remv b4 adol

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3
Q

PKU: ssx

A

1st few mo:

  • MR
  • vomit
  • sz
  • athetosis
  • dev delay
  • fair hair/eye/skin
  • musty odor
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4
Q

galactosemia: pathophys

A

defect G1p-uridyltransferase –> G1p accumulate –> damage kidney, liver, brain

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5
Q

galactosemia: ssx

A
  • MR
  • direct hyperbili –> jaundice
  • hypogly
  • cataract
  • sz
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6
Q

galactosemia: comp

A

E coli sepsis

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7
Q

galactosemia: tx

A

no lactose

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8
Q

neonatal jaundice: how know is pathologic?

A
  • 1st day of life
  • bili >12
  • direct bili >2
  • rate of rise >5/day
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9
Q

neonatal jaundice –> pathologic –> next step?

A

Coombs test

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10
Q

Coombs test for pathologic neonatal jaundice –> results?

A

+: Rh/ABO incomp

  • :
  • twin/twin, mom/fetus transfusion
  • IDM
  • spherocytosis
  • G6PD def
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11
Q

biliary atresia: comp

A

liver fail

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12
Q

cause: direct hyperbili

A
  • sepsis (ALWAYS r/o)
  • biliary atresia
  • galactosemia
  • hypothyroid
  • choledochal cyst
  • CF
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13
Q

bili >20: comp? tx?

A

kernicterus –> exchange transfusion

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14
Q

MOA: phototherapy

A

ionize/isomerize bili –> excrete

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15
Q

diag hernia: comp? tx?

A

pulm hypoplasia –> 3-4 days for lungs to mature –> surg

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16
Q

prenatal US –> diag hernia –> next step?

A

have mother deliver at facility w ECMO

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17
Q

TE fistula –> assoc?

A

VACTER: vertebral, anal atresia, cardiac, radial, renal

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18
Q

condition: cyanotic when feed, pink when cry

A

choanal atresia

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19
Q

choanal atresia –> assoc?

A

CHARGE: coloboma, heart defect, retarded growth, GU, ear/deaf

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20
Q

gastroschisis: lab result

A

high maternal AFP

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21
Q

omphalocele –> assoc?

A
  • Edward
  • Patau
  • Beckwith-Wiedemann
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22
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann: presentation

A

big baby –> big tongue, hypogly, ear pits

23
Q

umbilical hernia –> assoc?

A

hypothyroid

24
Q

tx: umbilical hernia

A
  • nothing

- if persist 2-3yo –> surg

25
Q

newborn –> bilious vomit –> ddx?

A
  • intestinal atresia

- malrotation & volvulus

26
Q

newborn –> malrotation & volvulus –> presentation?

A
  • bilious vomit
  • draw up legs
  • abd distention
27
Q

intestinal atresia –> assoc?

A

Down’s

28
Q

newborn –> malrotation & volvulus –> pathophys?

A

Ladd’s bands –> kink duodenum

29
Q

not pass meconium –> ddx?

A
  • meconium ileus (CF)

- Hirschsprung’s

30
Q

meconium ileus: dx? tx?

A

gastrograffin enema

31
Q

Condition: DRE –> poo explosion

A

Hirschsprung’s

32
Q

Condition: premature –> bloody diarrhea

A

necrotizing enterocolitis

33
Q

necrotizing enterocolitis –> XR?

A

pneumocystis intestinalis (air in wall)

34
Q

tx: necrotizing enterocolitis

A
  • NPO
  • TPN (if necess)
  • abx
  • resect necrotic bowel
35
Q

RF: necrotizing enterocolitis

A
  • premature gut
  • intro feed
  • formula
36
Q

intussusception: dx? tx?

A

barium enema

37
Q

dx: congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

17-OH-progesterone b4/after ACTH bolus

38
Q

tx: congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A

hydrocortisone & fludrocortisone

39
Q

condition: ant midline mass, no pee

A

post urethral valve

40
Q

tx: post urethral valve

A
  • catheter to remv urine

- surg

41
Q

diabetic mother: comp

A
  • placental insuff/IUGR
  • congenital heart dz
  • NTD
  • caudal regression synd
  • small L colon synd
42
Q

diabetic mother –> diet supplement?

A

folate 4mg/day

43
Q

gestational DM: comp

A
  • LGA
  • hypogly
  • hypoCa
  • polycythemia
  • jaundice
  • RDS
44
Q

neonate –> hypogly –> comp? tx?

A

sz

  • freq feed (if glc<40)
  • IV dextrose (if glc <20)
45
Q

neonate –> hypoCa –> comp?

A

sz

46
Q

gestational DM –> neonate –> polycythemia –> pathophys? comp?

A

big baby –> need more O2 –> hypoxia –> increase EPO –> polycythemia –> clot

47
Q

pathophys: gestational DM –> neonate –> RDS

A

high insulin –> no cortisol surge prior to birth –> decreased lung maturation

48
Q

condition: limb hypoplasia, cutaneous scar, cataract, chorioretinitis, cortical atrophy

A

congenital varicella

49
Q

congenital varicella: when give VZIG?

A

if mom exposed 5day b4 to 2day after delivery

50
Q

Bruton agammaglobulinemia: presentation

A

starting 6-9mo:

  • mult ear infxn, diarrhea episode, pneumonia
  • no tonsils
51
Q

Bruton agammaglobulinemia: labs

A
  • no B cells

- low Ig

52
Q

condition: 17yo –> low Ig, normal B cell

A

combined variable immune def (acquired)

53
Q

combined variable immune def: comp

A

lymphoma

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