USSR Lecture

Question 1

Great Patriotic War?

Answer 1

Russian term for WWII

Question 2

Herrenvolk?

Answer 2

Master race

Question 3

Who were the untermensch?

Answer 3

Soviet soldiers (either Jews, Asians, Mongols or Tartars).

Question 4

generalplan ost? (figures)

Answer 4

Poles- 80% subject to removal
Russians- 50-60%
Lithuanians- 85%
Belarussians- 75%

Question 5

how many died during WWII in USSR?

Answer 5

21-48m
made up 66% of all deaths
1.5-2.5m Jews

Question 6

Slovakia, Hungary and Romania?

Answer 6

economic aid to Slovakia.
military protection to Romanian leaders.
territory to Hungary lost in 1920, regained after 1938.

Question 7

What were the targets of the invasion?

Answer 7

bridges, roads, cable lines and supply depots

Question 8

Barbarossa?

Answer 8

3m soldiers.
Moscow, Leningrad and Stalingrad Blitzkrieg

Question 9

Leningrad?

Answer 9

8th September 1941- 27th January 1944?
Nazis opened up a corridor to St Petersburg.
German, Italian, Finnish forces.
1-2m civilians dead.

Question 10

Operation Typhoon?

Answer 10

October 1941- January 1942?
Battle of Moscow
Soviet defence of Smolensk region.
Wehrmacht at the gates (1st November- 5th December 1941

Question 11

When was Soviet counter-offensive?

Answer 11

5th December 1941- 7th May 1942

Question 12

Case Blue?

Answer 12

28th June and 24th November 1942.
AKA Operation Braunshweig.
2 pronged attack against Baku oilfields (USSR dependent on this oil).

Question 13

Stalingrad stats?

Answer 13

1.5-2m wounded, killed or captured.

Question 14

Operation Uranus?

Answer 14

1942
1.1m personnel.
Soviets encircled Nazi forces around vicinity of Stalingrad.
6th Army and Romanian 3rd and 4th retreat

Question 15

War of Annihilation?

Answer 15

Hitler’s cultural war turned into war of annihilation.
focus of eliminating enemies to the volk (partisans, Jews, Bolsheviks).

Question 16

By 1942, how many Soviets had died?

Answer 16

1/3

Question 17

POWs?

Answer 17

Wehrmacht shot straggling prisoners and anybody who offered food.

Question 18

Belarus?

Answer 18

2.2m killed.
9000 villages burned.
Khatyn razed to ground

Question 19

Where was the partisan actvity?

Answer 19

mostly in mountains, forests and swamps (Pripet Marshes)

Question 20

Impact of partisans?

Answer 20

Military
Morale

Question 21

Partisans?

Answer 21

Bryansk forest.
60,000 Germans sent into forest.
Partisans more coordinated from 1942.
Many larger units well equipped- radio sets, guns and ammo

Question 22

Rails War?

Answer 22

1943.
disrupt reinforcements
1,400 attacks in July
44 bridges

Question 23

Operation Bagration (22nd June- 19th August 1944)?

Answer 23

300,000 partisans
largest partisan effort of war
to support D-Day
railways and communications
mop up encircled Germans

Question 24

Women?

Answer 24

1m in Red Army
28,000 partisans

Question 25

Night Witches

Answer 25

Marina Raskova
Stalin secret order to allow formation of 3 all-women regiments by 1941
24,000 sorties
unequipped planes- no radios, armour, machine guns

Question 26

Operation Retribution?

Answer 26

Wilhelm Kube’s assassination.
Private guard of anti-Bolshevik Belarussians, oversaw liquidation of 50,000 Jews.
bomb planted under his mattress.
reprisals- 2000 executed

Question 27

Pale of Settlement?

Answer 27

Region of Western Russia, where permanent Jewish residency was allowed.

Question 28

Jews?

Answer 28

‘Carriers of Bolshevism’.
Minsk Ghetto.
Jews hanged in Soviet Union.