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HIST210 > France Lecture > Flashcards

France Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

what was national front?

A

coalition of communists, socialists and radicals
Leon Blum

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2
Q

when does the French govt leave Paris and city declared open?

A

June 1940

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3
Q

How much of the country is occupied?

A

2/3
northern half- direct Nazi control
south- Vichy, Petain

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4
Q

How much was paid to the Wehrmacht?

A

400 million Francs

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5
Q

what did the Reich demand?

A

arms factories, steelworks, the automobile industry and the coal mines must work for the Reich

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6
Q

Vichy?

A

Petain.
Formally independent.
700 suspected German spies.
contact with Britain and resistance.
Laws left in place.
Cooperation continued until liberation

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7
Q

Pierre Laval?

A

Head of govt 1942-44.
signed orders for the deportation of Jews.
Tried and executed in 1945.

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8
Q

De Gaulle?

A

rejected Petain’s armistice.
escaped to Britain and rallies French to resist.
founds Free French Forces in 1940 in London.

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9
Q

1940?

A

national assembly grants Petain power to issue new constitution.
Laval declares republic ceases to exist.
ration cards for bread and meat.
Vichy issues status of Jews

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10
Q

1941?

A

first mass deportation of Jews to Auschwitz.
hostage law.
second law on status of Jews

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11
Q

Nazi/Vichy policies?

A

preference for French to rule in France.
govt to work with Nazis.
Anti-Popular Front.
French North Africa

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12
Q

Gaullism?

A

claimed to have defeated fascism.
sense of legitimacy- anti-fascist resistance.
France liberated by French

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13
Q

communist vs nationalist?

A

Vichy distinguished between dangerous, treasonous, political subversion, and patriotic resistance.

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14
Q

Miner’s Strike 1941?

A

supplies to cities halted.
German troops, arrests, martial law.
strike leaders in hiding.
500 arrested.
100 executed.

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15
Q

Guy Moquet?

A

PCF resistance.
arrested distributing propaganda.
Hitler asked for 100 executions, military commander ordered 50.
Communists suggested.
Guy executed.

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16
Q

How many Jews in France in 1939?

A

350,000

17
Q

How many Jews deported from France?

A

75,000 (6,000 children)

18
Q

Ceuz de la Liberation?

A

right-wing, nationalist party.
La Rocque- he began to transmit info to alibi network. Formed the Klan Network which coordinated intelligence among PSF members.
Arrested by Gestapo and deported.

19
Q

National Front?

A

Jacques Duclos and Pierre Villon leaders.
Both PCF.
Catholics and religious resisters.

20
Q

Liberation Sud?

A

Leftist
Graffiti, then manifestos, then underground paper

21
Q

Combat?

A

Created in Vichy France.
Became Gaullist after 1941.
Went underground after south occupied.

22
Q

Affaire Continent 1941?

A

Combat infiltrated by Abwehr in the north.
47 arrested.
23 sentenced to death.

23
Q

foreign resisters?

A

Migrant Jews from eastern Europe.
Spanish republicans.
Poles.
Maquis- socialists and communists from IBs

24
Q

1943- hope and debarquement?

A

allied landing expected.
Stalingrad in Feb, Fall of Mussolini in July.
Uprising of Corsican resistance (liberation in October)

25
Q

End of Vichy?

A

27th November 1942
100k of French Army to be disarmed and dissolved

26
Q

Jean Moulin?

A

Prefet of a department.
Vichy asked prefets to dismiss left-wing elected mayors, he refused.
He was removed from office for this.

27
Q

Aubrac?

A

Liberation Sud.
Arrested.
During transport Lucie led attack on truck.
3 killed.
SOE first to London then to Algeria.

28
Q

What were the sections of SOE?

A

F section (British control).
RF section (linked to De Gaulle govt in exile), most French agents served here.

29
Q

Who was credited with the invention of coded messages?

A

Georges Begue, first SOE agent.

30
Q

SOE’s women?

A

39 female agents in F section.

31
Q

Operation Jedburgh?

A

SOE mission.
To support D-Day.
100 men dropped.
coordinate overt acts of resistance.
6,000 tons of military equipment.

32
Q

Liberation of Paris?

A

25th August 1944

HIST210 (10 decks)

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