Appeasement Lecture

Question 1

Anschluss?

Answer 1

March 1938.
Austria annexed.
Sudetenland annexed. (northern, southern and western areas of former Czechoslovakia)

Question 2

Operation Anthropoid?

Answer 2

Assassination of Heydrich

Question 3

Theresienstadt Ghetto?

Answer 3

SS established it.
In Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
Served as a waystation to extermination camps.

Question 4

Sudeten Crisis?

Answer 4

Protests in the Sudetenland from Sudeten Germans.
Nationalist sentiments.
Wanted in to Nazi Germany.

Question 5

Popular Front?

Answer 5

coalition between various socialist, communist, separatist, anarchist, and republican parties.

Question 6

What did the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact do?

Answer 6

Paved the way for Russia and Nazi Germany to invade Poland

Question 7

What happened to the Labour movement across Europe?

Answer 7

Rapid growth

Question 8

What happened to the Labour Party between 1917 and 1920?

Answer 8

Went from 2.5 million to 4.4 million

Question 9

International brigades?

Answer 9

soldiers set up by the Communist International to assist the Popular Front govt of the Second Spanish Republic during the Civil War

Question 10

Examples of IBs?

Answer 10

Marshall Tito and CPY, IBs formed the core that developed BOPA, FTP and MOI in France

Question 11

Who held a Anschluss referendum and what was the result?

Answer 11

Kurt Schuschnigg and 99% in favour of Anschluss

Question 12

What were the consequences of Anschluss?

Answer 12

27 killed.
6000 arrested.
3000 sent to Dachau (concentration camp).

Question 13

What is the Heimwehr?

Answer 13

Home Guard in Austria

Question 14

Resistance in Vienna 1938?

Answer 14

Archbishop of Vienna- ‘there is just one Fuhrer: Jesus Christ’

Question 15

What happened to the Vienna Jews in 1942?

Answer 15

transported to the Minsk Ghetto.
65,000 murdered.

Question 16

What was the Moscow Declaration 1943?

Answer 16

Govts of UK, US, and Soviet Union agree Austria was a victim and shall be liberated from German domination.

Question 17

Adolf Eichmann?

Answer 17

One of the major organisers of the Holocaust.
Logistics of mass deportation of Jews.

Question 18

Heydrich?

Answer 18

Chief of the Reich Main Security Office (includes Gestapo).
Deputy/acting Reich-Protector of Bohemia and Moravia.

Question 19

who was the ‘first victim’?

Answer 19

Austria

Question 20

Waldheim’s Affair?

Answer 20

Prisoners shot close to his office.
No evidence of personal involvement.
Must have known about them.

Question 21

How did the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia emerge?

Answer 21

Czech part of Czechoslovakia invaded in March 1939.
Puppet govt on 15th March.

Question 22

What happened to the Protectorate under Heydrich?

Answer 22

Czech cultural organisations closed.
Terezin made into a Ghetto and deportation of Jews organised.
German rule was moderate as the Czech’s were too important economically, and too obedient politically to alienate.

Question 23

What resistance groups/movements in Czech were there?

Answer 23

SOE
UVOD
Anthropoid

Question 24

Operation Anthropoid?

Answer 24

27th May 1942.
Heydrich attacked in car.
British trained resistance fighters.

Question 25

Lidice Massacre 1942?

Answer 25

Hitler ordered execution of 30,000 Czech’s as reprisal.
Lidice wiped off map.