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USMLE Rx Medicine1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sx: Addisonian Crisis

A

Hypoaldosteronism/Adrenal Insufficiency

  • Hyperkalemia
  • Hypovolemic shock (tachy, HoTN, fever, n/v)
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2
Q

Sausage linked retina, ↑ viscosity of blood

A

Plasma cell dyscrasia

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3
Q

Sx: Plasma cell dyscrasia

A

Neuro, HA
Visual
Vertigo
Retinal “sausage link” veins

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4
Q

Sx: Classic Migraine

A

Unilateral

Scotoma/aura

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5
Q

Rx exacerbating gout

A

Diuretics (HCTZ, Loops)

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6
Q

4 Kanavel Signs

A

Flexor Tendon Synovitis

  • Finger slight flexed
  • Pain with passive extension
  • Fusiform swelling
  • Tenderness over flexor tendon sheath
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7
Q

Sx: Paronychia

A

Swelling, inflammation at base of nail bed

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8
Q

Felon

A

Infxn of the deep pulp (basically a deeper paronychia)

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9
Q

Sx: RA

A 
Arthritis
Nodules
Splenomegaly
Interstitial Fibrosis
Vasculitis
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10
Q

Sympathoadrenal activity is seen in

A

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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11
Q

HTN Urgency vs. Emergency

A

Emergency shows end organ damage
Emergency requires IV Nitroprusside
Urgency can start with oral anti HTNs
over Sys-180 or Dias-120

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12
Q

Sickle Cell infxns

A

S. Pneumo
H. Influ
Flu

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13
Q

Diabetes Inspidus is associated with

A

Langerhans Histiocytosis

central DI

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14
Q

Tx: Diabetes Insipidus

A

Central- DDAVP

Nephrogenic- Lithium

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15
Q

Tx: SIADH

A

Demeclocycline (causes diabetes inspidus)

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16
Q

Silicosis Professions

A

Construction, drilling, mining, blasting

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17
Q

Sx: Cor Pulmonale

A 
Loud S2 (PA HTN)
RVH
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18
Q

Labs: 1° Hyperaldosteronism

A

↑Na
↓K
↓ACTH

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19
Q

Concave, crescent shaped hyperdensity

A

Subdural Hematoma

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20
Q

Lens-shaped, convex hyperdensity limited by sutures

A

Epidural Hematoma

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21
Q

Subdural vs. Epidural Hematoma

A

Both have lucid intervals

Subdural- usually Pts >60 yoa

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22
Q

Rupture of Middle meningeal artery leads to

A

Epidural Hematoma

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23
Q

Fixed, dilated, blown pupil

A

Epidural Hematoma

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24
Q

Irregularly shaped parenchymal hyperdensity

A

Parenchymal Hemorrhage (no lucid interval)

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25
Labs: von Willebrand
PT- Normal aPTT- prolonged BT- prolonged
26
CT-guided Pericardiocentesis vs Emergent Pericardiocentesis
CT-guided only in hemodynamically stable patients
27
Path: Myasthenia Gravis
Antibodies against the Postsynaptic Ach receptors
28
Sx: Myasthenia Gravis
Ptosis, Visual changes, Thymoma, Daily Progressive Fatigue
29
Tx: Myasthenia Gravis
Thymectomy | Neostigmine/Pyridostigmine (Achesterase Inhibitos)
30
Path: Lambert Eaton
Autoantibodies attack presynaptic voltage gated Ca Channels at NMJ
31
Small cell lung CA is associated with
Lambert Eaton | ADH Ectopic release (Bronchogenic SCC)
32
Path: RA
IgM Antibodies against the IgG
33
Path: Parkinson's
Degeneration of the Dopaminergic Neurons within the Substantia Nigra
34
Tx: Hepatic Encephalopathy
Low protein diet or Lactulose
35
Serotonin Syndrome
Sinners SELl Drugs That Make ME TRYP DAMN Fucking Serotonin Diarrhea, Agitation, Muscle spasms, Nausea, Flushing, Sweating Also BP changes and Tachycardia
36
H. Ducreyi vs Syphilis
Syphilis is painless chancres | H. Ducreyi is painFUL chancroids
37
Etiology: Penile Discharge
Urethritis (N. Gonococcal C. Trachomatis; also Myco Genitalium, U. Urealyticum, T. Vaginalis, rarely HSV) C. Albicans (white discharge)
38
FUO in elderly
CT- to find any malignancy (MCC)
39
Sx: Infective Endocarditis
Duke scale 1. multi positive blood Cx 2. echo showing involvement or new regurg murmur Janeway lesions, Osler Nodes, Roth spots, petechiae, splinter hemorrhages
40
Janeway Lesions vs. Osler Nodes vs. Roth Spots
Both are in IE Jane- painless, septic emboli Osler- “ow!” painful, immune complex depositions Roth- vasculitis in the eyes
41
HIV infxn of eye
CMV
42
sfx: Thiazides
Hypokalemia Hypercalcemia, Hyperlipidemia Hyperuricemia
43
Tx: Cocaine overdose
Benzos, help the HTN as well!
44
Sx: AML
Gingival Hypertrophy Ecchymoses, petechiae Fundal hemorrhages Joint/Bone pain
45
Sx: ITP
Often women under 50 Bleeding Bruising. Petehiae Splenomegaly
46
Pain with traction of pinna
Otitis Externa
47
Economic interest in patient care
You are allowed to have care that you profit from (ie an invention), but you must disclose the your economic interest and make sure it has an interest to the patient
48
Tx: Head injury, almost in comatose state
Insert ET Tube before doing imaging
49
Part of Prostate for BPH and carcinoma
Peripheral Zone- carcinoma (DRE) | Transitional Zone- BPH
50
Sx: Goodpasture's
Renal failure, Pulm Hemorrhage (Hemoptysis)
51
HTN, Metabolic Alkalosis, Hypokalemia
1° Hyperaldosteronism
52
Dx: Precocious Puberty
Bone age demonstrates an age of 2 yrs or greater than the chronologic age
53
↑ ACE, african american
Sarcoidosis
54
Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, respiratory Sx
Sarcoidosis
55
Noncaseating Granulomas
Sarcoidosis
56
FEV1/FEV
COPD= <60% | COPD is only partially reversible with albuterol
57
Sx: Carcinoid tumor
RHF, Tricuspid regurg, Pulm valve involvement | Flushing, nonbloody diarrhea, HoTN
58
UTI, coagulase negative, gram positive
Acute cystitis due to S. saprophyticus
59
Painless gross hematuria
possibly Bladder CA!
60
Polyuria, nocturia, polydipsia
Diabetes Insipidus or Psychogenic Polydipsia
61
Interstitial Cystitis vs UTI
no bacteria is found in interstitial cystitis
62
Sx: Renal Cell Carcinoma
Flank pain Palpable abdominal mass Hematuria
63
Sx: Conn's Syndrome
same as Primary Hyperaldosteronism | HTN, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
64
Tx: Conn's Syndrome
Spironolactone
65
Tx: H. Pylori
Omeprazole, Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin for 2 weeks
66
Postprandial pain, early sateity, n/v
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
67
Nonbloody emesis of partially digested food, postprandial pain
Gastric Outlet Obstruction

USMLE (4 decks)

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