Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 2 > USMLE 2 > Flashcards

USMLE 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Patient with low-grade fever, RUQ tenderness, nausea, vomiting s/p cholecystectomy, mild abdominal distension and non-dilated biliary ducts on imaging likely has what?

A

Biliary Leak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Signs of mineralcorticoid deficiency

A

Hypotension, Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, increased renin activity

tx= fludrocortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Work up of secondary amenorrhea

(progesterone challenge)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does a wide confidence interval indicate?

A

A wider range of effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sxs early lyme disease

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Presentation of testicular cancer

A

unilateral painless ovoid testicular nodule/swelling–> can present after groin injury or during sexual activity

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does candida present

A

Psuedohyphae and budding yeast (blastoconidia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CMV- most common congenital infection worldwide

  • most asymptomatic, but when symptomatic can have:
A
  • Jaundice, petechiae, hepatosplenomegaly
  • microcephaly
  • periventricular calcifications on imaging
  • sensorineural hearing loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of acute gout

A

NSAIDs (naproxen, indomethacin) unless contraindicated- then colchicine

  • Contraindication= heart failure, patietnts on anticoagulants
  • don’t use colchicine in elderly or renal dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Urge incontinence vs. Overflow incontinence

A

Urge- caused by overactive bladder (involuntary detrusor contractions)

  • tx= kegel exercises, bladder training, oxybutynin

Overflow- bladder outlet obstruction or neurogenic bladder (urine leakage)

-post void residual volume >150 ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Signs of Acute liver failure

A

Elevated aminotransferases, hepatic encephalopathy, prolonged prothrombin time with INR>1.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is folate a vitamin?

A

Yes- vitamin B9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Presentation of hypertensive hemorrhage in basal ganglia

A

Uncal herniation–> mass effect compresses 3rd cranial nerve= ipsilateral dilated nonreactive pupil

  • contralateral extensor posturing, coma, respiratory compromise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx postpartum endometritis

A

Clindamycin + gentamicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fever, malaise, headache, cough, scattered wheezes, subclinical hemolytic anemai (cold agglutinins), diffuse reticulonodular opacities (interstitial infiltrate)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

  • treat with macrolide (azithromycin)
  • or respiratory fluoroquinolone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How to reduce risk of postoperative pneumonia

A

Preoperative PT (aerobic exercise, inspiratory muscle training)

17
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Shortened REM latency

  • shortened sleep latency
  • increased REM density
18
Q

45 year old man with 1 day history nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain with relief when leaning forward

A

Acute pancreatitis

19
Q

When to deliver for preeclampsis with and without severe features

A

With severe features: at greater than or equal to 34 weeks

Without: at term (37 weeks)

Severe complicatino (eclampsia, fetal demise): immediate delivery

20
Q

Signs of left ventricular aneurysm causing thrombus in leg post MI

A
  • persistent ST segment elevation after recent MI with deep Q waves in the same leads
  • progressive LV enlargement leads to angina, heart failure, mitral regurg. (holosystolic murmur)
21
Q

Vitamin deficiencies

A
22
Q

Presentation of anal cancer

A

HIV, receptive anal cancer, HPV

  • chronic pain due to anal ulcer and painless lymphadenopathy
  • rectal bleeding
23
Q

Pyelonephitis in pregnancy

A

Presents like pyelo but can be complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome and preterm labor

24
Q

Livedo reticularis is seen in what conditions?

A

vasculitic (polyarteritis nodosa, SLE) or vasoocclusive (cholesterol embolization, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, cryoglobulinemia)

– in APL- prolongation of PTT can be seen due to lupus anticoagulant interaction

25
Q

Deposition of calcium in the basal ganglia accompanied by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia is indicative of what condition?

A

Hypoparathyroidism

  • can result from injury to parathyroids during thyroid surgery
26
Q

Chemo-induced cardiotoxicity

A

Anthracyclines (doxorubicin)- fibrosis

Trastuzumab- myocardial stunning

27
Q

chalazion vs. hordeolum

A

Chalazion= non-painful blocking of meimobian gland

Hordeoum= bacterial infection of eyelash follicle (typically staph aureus)

28
Q

Group 2 pulmonray hypertension (due to left heart disease) is due to what?

A

Pulmonary VENOUS congestion

Primary PAH is due to pulmonary arterial HTN

29
Q

Incisional hematoma presentation

A

increasing pain and dark red sanguinous discharge from incision site with intact fascia

30
Q

Tx of choice for DVT in pregnant patient without contraindications to anticoagulants

A

Heparin/LMWH

IVC if risk for bleeding (recent surgery/hemorrhage)

31
Q

DRESS syndrome

A

Drug reaction - allopurinol and antiepileptics

  • morbiliform eruption starting on face/trunk and spreading
  • Eosinophilia
  • systemic sxs: fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy
32
Q

Presentation fo choriocarcinoma

A

Can be after ANY type of pregnancy i.e. spontaneous abortion

  • abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pressure, enlarged uterus
  • commonly metastatic to lungs and vagina
  • vaginal metastasis presents as friable, red lesion
33
Q

Tx of legionella

A

Respiratory fluoroquinolone or newer macrolide

Clindamycin= skin/dental infections

34
Q

Rules for taking isotretinoin

A

2 negative pregnancy tests and commitment to using 2 forms of contraception

35
Q

How would chronic diarrhea lead to uric acid stones?

A

Chronic diarrhea can cause urine to be acidic/hyper-concentrated due to loss of bicarbonate/dehydration–> uric acid stone formation

36
Q

Malignant cavitary lesion of lung with air fluid level

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

(adenocarcinoma= nodule, small cell= central mass

37
Q

Hernias - relation to inferior epigastric vessels

A

Indirect= lateral (patent processus vaginalis)

Direct= medial (weakness of fascia)

Step 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions