Surgery

Question 1

When do catheter-related bloodstream infections present?

Answer 1

> 48 hours after insertion (signs of fever/sepsis)

Question 2

Presentation of Cataracts

Answer 2

loss of visual acuity, glare, halos, difficulty night driving

Question 3

Presentation of glaucoma

Answer 3

Increased optic cup/disk ratio; gradual loss of peripheral vision

Question 4

Reactive thrombocytosis occurs in:

Answer 4

Patients with previous splenectomy (i.e. hx of laparotomy s/p MVC) 2/2 infection, recent surgery, malignancy (inflammatory state)

Question 5

Displaced supracondylar fracture- fall onto outstretched hand with hyperextended elbow will effect which artery/nerve?

Answer 5

Median nerve and brachial artery (posterior displacement of distal humerus fracture, anterior displacement of proximal fragment entraps median nerve/brachial artery)

Question 6

Displaced supracondylar fracture- fall onto outstretched hand with flexed elbow will effect which nerve?

Answer 6

Ulnar nerve - anterior displacement of distal segment- posterior displacement of proximal segment of humerus- impinge ulnar nerve

Question 7

Physical exam of patellofemoral pain syndrome

Answer 7

anterior knee pain; mild quadriceps atrophy; pain with isometric contraction of the quadriceps (squatting)

Question 8

Patient presents with hypoxia, pulse ox O2 saturation of 85% s/p anesthetic during procedure- ABG shows 99% O2 saturation- what does he have?

Answer 8

Acquired Methemoglobinemia (altered state of hemoglobin) - oxygen saturation gap
- topical anesthetics (benzocaine), dapsone, nitrates (in infants) oxidize iron
Treat with methylene blue

Question 9

Complications of AAA repair

Answer 9

Bowel ischemia/infarction (presenting with bloody diarrhea)