Using resources Flashcards
What is finite
A resource that can’t be replaced once it has been used up
What is renewable
A resource that we can replace once it has been used up
What is sustainable
Using resources to meet the needs of the people today without preventing people in the future
What are the types of water
Pure - only water molecules
Potable - safe to drink
Fresh - lake, rivers, ice caps
Ground - underground streams, rocks
Sea - seas, oceans
Waste - used water from home, industry
What is desalination and what are the types of it
Desalination - process to remove salt from sea water
Distillation:
Water is heated to a vapour
Vapour rises
Vapour is condensed back to pure water
Reverse osmosis:
(Water is moved from high to low concentration)
Pressure is applied to sea water
Pure water passes through a membrane but salt doesn’t as particles are too big
Both require lots of energy
How is waste water treated
Screening and grit removal - removes large particles
Sedimentation - tiny particles to settle out from still water, which produces sewage sludge and effluent
Anaerobic bacteria - digests (sewage sludge)
Anaerobic bacteria - reduces the volume of solid waste (effluent)
Sterilisation - kills bacteria
Required practical : Analysing a sample of water
What is the method
Test pH of water
Measure and record the mass of the evaporating basin
Pour 10 cm³ water into the basin and evaporate using a bunsen burner and turn off once most has evaporated
Reweigh and record the change in mass
Minus the original from this to find the mass of dissolved solids
Required practical : Purification of water through distillation
What is the method
Place water sample in a conical flask and set up the apparatus
Heat water until it boils then reduce heat
Collect 1 cm³ water from the cooled test tube and turn the bunsen burner off
Analyse with cobalt chloride paper
What is the life cycle assessment
An examination of the impact of a product on the environment throughout its life
Raw material
Manufacture
Use
Disposal
How are metals reformed
Separated
Melted
Recast
How is glass reformed
Separated by colour
Crushed
Melted
Remoulded
How are plastics reformed
Separated by type
Melted
Remoulded
What are the methods of extracting metal
Phytomining:
Plants are grown on a low-grade ore
Plants absorb metal ions through their roots and concentrate these ions in their cells
Plants are harvested and burnt
Ash left behind contains metal compounds
Bioleaching:
Bacteria produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds
