User Security and Cyber Security

Question 1

Define social engineering

Answer 1

manipulating people to breaking security procedures

Question 2

Name 5 types of social engineering (5)

Answer 2

instant messaging

scareware

emails/phishing scams

baiting

phone calls

Question 3

Purpose of access levels

Answer 3

different levels of access for different people

Question 4

What do user accounts control

Answer 4

user access rights

Question 5

2 types of anti-malware

Answer 5

anti-virus

anti-spyware

Question 6

How anti-spyware remove spyware using the rules method (2)

Answer 6

looks for spyware features

identifies potential security issues

Question 7

How does anti-spyware remove spyware using the file structure method (2)

Answer 7

looks for spyware file structures

removes them

Question 8

Function of passwords

Answer 8

restrict access to data/systems

Question 9

Examples of biometrics (4)

Answer 9

fingerprint scans

retina scans

face recognition

voice recognition

Question 10

Define 2 step verification (2)

Answer 10

authentication

uses 2 methods to verify users

Question 11

When is 2 step verification used

Answer 11

online purchases

Question 12

Define automatic software updates (2)

Answer 12

updating software on user computer

improves software performance

Question 13

Define brute force attacks

Answer 13

trying different combinations of letters/numbers/symbols until password found

Question 14

How to prevent brute force attacks (2)

Answer 14

locking device once certain number of incorrect passwords guessed

strong password

Question 15

Define data interception (2)

Answer 15

stealing data by tapping into wired/wireless communication link

intent to obtain confidential information

Question 16

Solution to data interception (2)

Answer 16

encryption

firewall

Question 17

What does DDoS stand for

Answer 17

distributed denial of service

Question 18

Define a DDoS attack (2)

Answer 18

prevents users from accessing part of network

floods network with useless spam traffic

Question 19

How DDoS attacks work (2)

Answer 19

attacker sends thousands of requests

website cannot service legitimate user’s request

Question 20

Define hacking

Answer 20

gaining illegal access to computer system without user permission

Question 21

Features of viruses (4)

Answer 21

program that replicates

corrupt files

cause computer to malfunction

need active host program/infected OS to work

Question 22

Features of worms (3)

Answer 22

standalone virus

replicates and spreads to other computers

arrive as message attachment

Question 23

Features of trojan horse (3)

Answer 23

program disguised as genuine software

carries harm to user computer system

will give cybercriminals user personal info

Question 24

How do trojan horses arrive as (2)

Answer 24

email attachtement

website download

Question 25

features of spyware (3)

Answer 25

software

gathers info based on user’s actions

sent info to cybercriminal

Question 26

Features of adware

Answer 26

floods user with unwanted advertising

Question 27

Features of ransomware (2)

Answer 27

encrypt data on user computer

user pays cybercriminal to send decryption key

Question 28

Features of phishing (3)

Answer 28

cybercriminal send legitimate looking email

link in email sends user to fake website

trick user to enter personal data to website

Question 29

Features of pharming (3)

Answer 29

malicious code on user computer or infected website

code directs user to fake website

cybercriminal gains user personal info

Question 30

What does DNS cache poisoning do (2)

Answer 30

changes IP values of real websites to fake websites

redirects user to fake website

Question 31

Define a biometric password

Answer 31

password which uses features that belong to human