Internet Technologies Flashcards
Define internet (2)
worldwide collection of connected networks
uses TCP and IP
Define the world wide web (2)
collection of websites/webpages
uses internet to get info from web servers
What are HTTP(S) protocols written in
HTML
Define a web browser (3)
software
interprets HTML sent from websites
then produces results on screen
What does HTML stand for
hypertext mark-up language
What does URL stand for
uniform resource locator
Define a URL
text address to access websites
Format of URL
protocol://website address/path/file name
What is the protocol for URL (2)
http
https
What does the website address contain (4)
domain host
domain name
domain type
country code
Example of domain host
www
Define domain name
website name
Example of domain type (2)
.com
.net
Example of country code
.uk
Define the file name in a URL
item on web page
Define the path in a URL
webpage
What does HTTP stand for
hypertext transfer protocol
Define HTTP(s)
set of rules to be obeyed when transferring files across internet
Functions of web browsers (4)
bookmark websites
store user history
store cookies
allowing use of multiple tabs
Define a cookie (2)
small files on user computer
small table containing (keys, data) values
Name the 2 types of cookies
session cookie
persistent (permanent cookie)
How cookies work on websites (2)
website checks if browser has set cookies before
if does browser reads cookie on user preferences
Function of cookies (4)
track user preferences
save personal details
hold items in online shopping cart
store login details
Features of session cookies (4)
stored in temporary memory
doesn’t collect info from user
doesn’t identify user
doesn’t exist once browser/website closed
Features of persistent (permanent) cookies (3)
remember user’s log in details
stored on hard drive of user computer until expiration date/deleted
still exists even if browser closed
Benefits of persistent (permanent) cookies
no need to type login details when visiting website
What does SSL stand for
secure socket layer
Features of SSL (3)
type of protocol
transmits data securely
computer rules to communicate across network
How to tell if SSL is being used (3)
protocol ends in s (https)
padlock icon
colour of address bar changes
How SSL works (5)
browser sends message to connect with website
browser requests web server to identify itself
web server sends SSL certificate copy to browser
web browser authenticates certificate
sends message to server to allow communication
Name the 3 parts of loading a webpage (3)
Request
Send
Receive
How is a webpage requested (2)
user enters URL in address bar
browser asks DNS server for website IP address
How is a webpage sent (2)
DNS finds URL
sends IP address to user computer
How is a webpage received (5)
computer communicates with website server
required pages downloaded
web server sends HTML files to computer
browser interprets HTML
website displayed on screen
What does an HTML contain (2)
structure
presentation
What is an HTML’s presentation
style of document
format of webpage
Example of HTML structure (3)
head
body
table
Example of HTML presentation (3)
colour
font size
font style
Company that provides a user with a
connection to the Internet
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
Protocol that is used to send data for web
pages across the Internet
HTTP(S)
Function of HTML
developing web pages
