Uself Flashcards
1
Q
-Refers to the tangible and physical aspects of an individual’s identity and self-concept
-encompasses possessions, objects, and physical surroundings that are closely associated with a person and contribute to their sense of self, self-expression, and
personal identity.
- component of the broader self-
concept, which also includes psychological and social dimensions
-Remains an area of ongoing study
A
material self
2
Q
Who stated that “we regard our
possessions as parts of our selves. We are
what we have and what we possess” ?
A
Belk (1988)
3
Q
T or F: there is an indirect link between self-identity and what we have and possess.
A
FALSE: there is a DIRECT link between self-identity and what we have and possess.
4
Q
T or F: Our wanting to have and possess has a connection with another aspect of the self, the material self
A
TRUE
5
Q
Wrote “the principles of psychology” in 1890
A
William James
6
Q
What does James’s book contain?
A
- Constituents
- The feelings and emotions they arouse (self feelings)
- The actions to which they prompt (self-seeking and self-preservation)
7
Q
Who stated that the material self is primarily about our bodies, clothes, immediate family, and home and that we are deeply affected by the things mentioned due to the fact we have put investment of ourself to them?
A
William James
8
Q
- Innermost part of our material self
- directly attached to this type of material self
A
body
9
Q
T or F: We do not have certain preferential attachment or intimate closeness to certain body parts because it lacks value.
A
FALSE: We DO have certain preferential attachment
or intimate closeness to certain body parts because of its VALUE to us.
10
Q
Essential part of the material self and is a form of self expression, also placed as second in the hierarchy of material self.
A
clothing
11
Q
What book did Lotze write?
A
Microcosmus
12
Q
In Lotze’s book, it states that “any time we bring an object into the
surface of our body, we invest that object into the ____ of our _____ taking in its contours to be our own and making it part of the self”
A
Consciousness, personal existence
13
Q
T or F: The fabric and style of the clothes we wear bring sensations to the body to which directly affect our attitudes and behavior
A
TRUE
14
Q
Third in the hierarchy and what it does or becomes affects us
A
Immediate family
15
Q
T or F: When a family member dies, part of ourself dies too and when they achieve something, we feel their achievements and vice versa.
A
TRUE
16
Q
T or F: we do not have a voluntary instinct to help when a family member is in danger
A
FALSE; we HAVE a voluntary instinct to help when a family member is in danger
17
Q
We place a ___ investment in our immediate family when we see them as the nearest____.
A
huge, replica of ourself
18
Q
- Fourth component of material self
- “____is where the heart is”, hence making it the nearest nest of self hood.
-an extension of ourself because we can directly connect it to our self.
A
Home
19
Q
An old cliche about rooms
A
“if only walls can speak” HALSEY????
20
Q
Having ______ to things, made us attached to those things. The ____ investment of self- given to the particular thing, the _____ we identify ourselves to it.
A
investment of self, more, more
21
Q
T or F: we rarely collect and possess properties
A
FALSE: we TEND to collect and possess properties
22
Q
T or F: The collections in different
degree of investment of self, becomes part of the self
A
TRUE
23
Q
T or F: As Russel Belk (1988) described self: “a man’s self is the sum total of all what he CAN call his.” Possessions then become part a
part of an extension of the self.
A
FALSE: James (1980) described this
24
Q
Who stated that “We regard our
possessions as part of ourselves. We are what we have and what we posses.”
A
Russel Belk (1988)
25
Where did the identification of the self to things start?
infancy stage
26
T or F: adolescent stage is when we make a distinction among self and environment and others who may desire our possessions.
FALSE: INFANCY stage is when we make a distinction among self and environment and others who may desire our possessions
27
As we grow older, putting ____ to material self____.
importance, decreases
28
T or F: material possession gains lower value in our lifetime if we use material possession to find
happiness, associate these things with significant events, accomplishments, and
people in our lives.
False: material possession gains HIGHER value in our lifetime if we use material possession to find happiness, associate these things with significant events, accomplishments, and
people in our lives.
29
there are times when ____ of a person that is closely identified to the person gains____ with ___ regard even if the person already passed away
material possession, acknowledgment, high
30
T or F: The possessions that we dearly have tell something about who we are, our self-concept, our
past, and even our future.
TRUE
31
-Pertains to inner, non material, and transcendent aspect of an individual's being.
-fundamental component of many philosophical, religious, and spiritual belief systems.
-varies widely across different cultures, traditions, and personal philosophies.
-plays a central role in the search for meaning, purpose, and a deeper connection with the universe or a higher power.
spiritual self
32
T or F: it is one of the four constituents according to Nietzsche in 1890.
FALSE: William James stated this
33
Spiritual self is the most ____, ____ subjective part of the self.
intimate, inner
34
Spiritual self is the____version of the self because of the____experienced when thinking of one’s ability to argue and discriminate, of one’s ___ and conscience, and of our unconquerable will (James 1890) is___than all other sentiments of satisfaction (Green 1997)
most intimate, satisfaction, moral sensibility, purer
35
T or F: the ability to use moral sensibility and conscience may be seen through the expressions of religion, its beliefs and practices
TRUE
36
Types of manifestations that people believe in
cultural rituals and ceremonies
37
A journey the spiritual self is on
seeking the meaning of life
38
Who defined that religion is a set of cultural beliefs and practices that usually includes some or all
of basic characteristics?
Rebecca Stein (2011)
39
According to Stein, one of the characteristics of religion is a belief in ___, such as spirit and gods.
anthromorphic supernatural beings
40
T or F: Stein's characteristics of religion, it focuses on blasphemy of the supernatural beings.
FALSE: it focuses on the sacred supernatural.
41
In connection the the sacred supernatural according to Stein, what does sacred refer to?
a feeling of reverence and
awe
42
T or F: The presence of supernatural power or
energy that is found on supernatural beings as
well as physical beings and objects
TRUE
43
The performance of ___ that involves the___of sacred object to __ to supernatural beings and/or to influence or control events.
ritual activities, manipulation, communicate
44
The articulation of worldview and moral codes through ___ and other means.
narratives
45
T or F: Provides the creation and maintenance of social bonds and mechanism of social control within the self and provide explanation for known and a sense of control for society.
FALSE: Provide the creation and maintenance of social bonds
and mechanism of social control within a COMMUNITY and provide explanation for UNKNOWN and a sense of control for INDIVIDUALS.
46
T or F: An individual lives in a society where there are many
practices of religion. The choice of religious belief lies within the spiritual self. Although the choice maybe influenced by the society and its culture.
TRUE
47
The performance of ceremonial acts prescribed by a tradition or sacred law
Ritual
48
T or F: Ritual is a specific,
observable mode of behavior exhibited by all known societies. It is thus possible to view ritual as a way of defining or describing
humans
TRUE
49
What are the three fundamental characteristics of rituals according to Penner?
- A feeling or emotion of respect, awe, fascination, or dread in relation to the sacred
- Dependence upon the a belief system that is
usually expressed in the language of myth
- Is symbolic in relation to its reference
50
The___can be described as a ritual being who exhibits a striking parallel between their __ and___ behavior.
self, natural, verbal
51
Participation to rituals is ___.
expressions of religious beliefs
52
T or F: ritual may be viewed as a system of unidentified acts that is based upon arbitrary rules.
FALSE: ritual may be viewed as a system of SYMBOLIC acts that is based upon arbitrary rules.
53
T or F: Concept of spiritual Self does not vary
FALSE: Spiritual Self varies significantly from one belief system to another
54
Hinduism: Atman, Buddhism:___
Nirvana
55
Soul: Christianity, Spirit:___
Indigenous/shamanic traditions
56
Believes that life has suffering, pain and frustrations and that it can be avoided through meditation, which acquires more wisdom and deeper understanding of things.
Buddhism
57
A habit wherein a person
wants to experience the goodness of life and avoid disappointments.
reactive cycle of wanting and hating, like and dislike, and
craving and aversion.
58
Types of meditation in Buddhism
Samatha and vipassana
59
Meditation in Buddhism that is practiced as mindfulness of breathing and development of loving-kindness
Samatha
60
Aims at developing insights to reality
Vipassana
61
Buddha's Teachings
Dharma
62
T or F: Through Nirvana, Buddhists can achieve a deeper
understanding of life
FALSE: Through the REFLECTION OF DHARMA, Buddhists can achieve a deeper
understanding of life
63
What do Buddhists believe?
Non-violence principle
64
A Buddhist celebration that happens in February
Parinirvana Day
65
T or F: Buddha day or Wesak is help in January
FALSE: Wesak is held in May
66
What Buddhist celebration is held in July
Dharma day
67
In Western African what is considered as beautiful?
Overweight, the more stretch marks, the better
68
T or F: Padmasambhava day is held in October
True
69
What Buddhist celebration is held in November?
Sangha day
70
In the past, families in Mauritania send their children to ______ that force-feed girls _______ calories a day
Fat farms. 16,000
71
A religion that believes in Trinitarian God
Christianity/Catholicism
72
In Christianity, God has three personas. What are these personas?
- Father (Creator)
- Son (Savior)
- Holy Spirit (Sustainer)
73
The rhinoplasty capital of the world
Iran
74
T or F: Eternal life after death will be achieved through praying only
False: Eternal life and death will be achieved through FAITH in Jesus Christ
75
Who is Jesus Christ?
The son of God who came into flesh to spread the Good News of Salvation
76
In India what do women wear to make themselves more attractive for festivals and celebrations
Nose rings, bindis, and henna
77
What book does Christians read?
Holy Bible/ Bible
78
Sections of the Bible:
Old and new testament
79
What do Christians practice?
Baptism and Communion
80
In india brides often wear a dot of red powder on the face known as
Kumkum
81
What is Baptism?
Symbolizes the birth in Christian world
82
What is Communion?
act of remembrance of Jesus Christ's sacrificial love
83
In Japan, what is the norm for beautiful hair?
Slick straight hair
84
T or F: Jesus Christ's love is only for the people who are rich and mentally well
FALSE: Love is not limited to loving the poor, oppressed, and the
outcast of the society (duh apakan ko kayo dean e)
85
Two major celebrations in Christianity
Christmas and Resurrection
86
True or False:
Physical beauty is not
regarded as an essential part of one’s self across all cultures
False: physical beauty has been
regarded as an essential part of one’s self across all cultures
87
What does Christmas usually commemorate?
Birth of Jesus Christ
88
- body structure
directly concerned with reproduction
- allows us to tell male from females, such as the
penis in men and vagina in women, secondary
sex characteristics are features which appear at puberty
Primary Characteristics
89
What day does the resurrection of Jesus from death happen?
Sunday sometime in MARCH and APRIL
90
Identify if men or women characteristic:
1.
- More body hair
- heavier musculature
- angular feature
- narrow hips
-muscular pectorals
- less fat tissue overall
- deeper voice
2.
- less body hair
-lighter musculature
- rounded feature
- wider hips
- more fat tissue
- higher voice
1. Men
2. Women
91
Covers a wide range of beliefs and groups, making this religion have no founder or leader.
Hinduism
92
Whenever adolescent sexual development is the subject of conversations, maybe for some of people, it was considered as an
awkward time of our lives (naka highlight toh real)
93
What do the Hindus believe?
Existence is a cycle of birth death and Rebirth
94
Occurs during puberty and includes many changes such as physical, emotional and social changes
Adolescent Sexual Development
95
The cycle of existence in Hinduism is governed by____.
Karma
96
refers to the transformations that occur as a child undergoes physical development changes, resulting in the sexually mature body of an adult
Puberty
97
What concept is Karma
Where reincarnated life will depend on how the past life was spent
98
Science articulates that the biological processes of puberty begin when the brain’s _______ and the get together to release _________
hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, gonadotrophins
99
T or F: Hindus believe that the soul does not pass a cycle, instead you would not be reborn into a different body and your soul is stuck in purgatory.
FALSE: Hindus believe that the soul PASSES through a cycle of successive lives and its
next incarnation is always dependent on how the previous life was lived.
100
Are special hormones that activate the sexual glands
Gonadotropins
101
The sacred scripture of Hindus
Vedas, Mahabharata, and Ramayana
102
Sexual glands in boys are _____ and the ______ in girls
testes, ovaries
103
What are the most celebrated festivals in Hinduism?
Diwali and Nivrati
104
The hormones released by the male _______ are called _____ and for the female ______ are called ________
Testes; Androgens, Ovaries; estrogens
105
Festival of Lights
Diwali
106
Puberty in girls is between the ages of ____ and ____ for boys.
8 to 15, 9 to17
107
T or F: Hindus have set dates to honor particular manifestations of God
TRUE
108
True or False:
Variations in puberty-related changes are normal- each child is unique and they will experience these changes at different ages and at different rates
True
109
Called the festival of nine nights where the Hindus celebrate the triumph of good over evil
Nivrati
110
Refer to sexual organs
Primary sex characteristics
111
It means "willing submission to God"
Islam
112
Refer to other visible changes that mark adult maturation
Secondary sex characteristics
113
What God do the Muslims believe in?
Allah
114
- Involve on increase in the size of
the prostate gland, testes, seminal
vesicles and penis.- The most noticeable change that
occurs for young men is their first
ejaculation, which often occurs
during sleep.
- They may also experience
spontaneous erections
Primary sex characteristic changes in boys
115
T or F: Muslims believe in the unity and universality of God
TRUE
116
- Involve the uterus and vagina
- The uterus begins to build a lining,
and the vagina starts to produce
discharge.
- The most noticeable change that
occurs for young women is their
first menstrual period. This occurs
when the uterus sheds its first lining
of tissue and blood.
- In adult women, this lining is shed
about every 28 days.
Primary sex characteristic changes in girls
117
Another term for community for Muslims
Ummah
118
External male reproductive structure:
This is the male organ used in sexual intercourse. It has three parts: the root, which attaches to the wall of the abdomen; the body, or shaft; and the glans
Penis
119
Last and final Prophet of Muslims sent by Allah
Mohammed
120
External male reproductive structure:
- This is the loose pouch-like sac
of skin that hangs behind and
below the penis
- It contains the testicles
- " climate control system
Scrotum
121
-Born in 570 CE
-Received revelations from God through Angel Gabriel over a period of 23 years
Mohammed
122
External male reproductive structure:
These are oval organs about
the size of large olives that lie
in the scrotum, secured at
either end by a structure
called the spermatic cord
Testicles
123
Holy book of Islam that is taught in Arabic to avoid inadequacy.
Quran
124
Internal male reproductive structure:
Is a long, coiled tube that rests on the backside of each testicle. It
transports and stores sperm
cells that are produced in the
testes
Epididymis
125
Five pillars of Islam
- Shahada (No God but one true God and Mohammed is his Messenger)
- Salat (Prayer)
- Zakat (Monetary offering for the poor)
- Hajj (yearly pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a life time)
- Sawn (fasting)
126
Internal male reproductive structure:
is a long, muscular tube that
travels from the epididymis into the pelvic cavity, to just behind the bladder. The vas deferens transports mature sperm to the
urethra, the tube that carries urine or sperm to outside of the body, in preparation for
ejaculation
Vas deferens
127
How many times do Muslims pray?
5 times a day
128
Internal male reproductive structure:
- Is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body
- Ejaculates sperm
Urethra
129
Zakat comprises how many percent of a Muslim's assets?
2.5%
130
Internal male reproductive structure:
- Are sac-like pouches
that attach to the vas deferens near the base of the bladder
- The seminal vesicles produce a sugar-rich fluid
Seminal vesicles
131
What is fasting for Muslims?
Refrain from eating, drinking, and sexual acts
132
Internal male reproductive structure:
is a walnut-sized structure that is located below the urinary bladder in front of the rectum
Prostate gland
133
What event in Islam makes Muslims fast?
Ramadan (9th month of the Islamic Lunar)
134
Internal male reproductive structure:
- Also called Cowper's glands,
these are pea-sized
structures located on the
sides of the urethra just
below the prostate gland
- These glands produce a
clear, slippery fluid that
empties directly into the
urethra
Bulbourethral glands
135
Major celebrations in Islam
Eidul-Fitr and Eidul-Adha
136
External female reproductive structure:
Enclose and protect the other
external reproductive
organs. Literally translated
as "large lips
Labia majora
137
Celebration at the end of Ramadan
Eidul-Fitr
138
External female reproductive structure:
Literally translated as "small
lips
Labia minora
139
Celebrated within the completion of the pilgrimage (Hajj)
Eidul-Adha
140
External female reproductive structure:
These glands are located
beside the vaginal opening
and produce a fluid (mucus)
secretion
Bartholin's Glands
141
Religion that Believes in God of Abraham
Judaism
142
External female reproductive structure:
The two labia minora meet here, a small sensitive protrusion that is comparable to the penis
- covered by a skin called prepuce
Clitoris
143
T or F: Jews Believe in the coming of Jesus Christ
FALSE: jews believe in the coming of MESSIAH (savior).
144
Internal female reproductive structure:
Is a canal that
joins the cervix (the lower
part of uterus) to the
outside of the body. It also
is known as the birth canal
Vagina
145
Sacred scripture of the Jews which states the guide of Jewish Living
Torah or the Law
146
Internal female reproductive structure:
- is a hollow, pear-
shaped organ that is the
home to a developing
fetus
- is divided into two parts: the cervix, which is the lower part that opens into the vagina, and
the main body called the corpus
Uterus
147
Major festivals of the Jews
- Rosh Hashanah (New Year)
- Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement)
- Pesach (Passover)
- Shavuot (Pentecost)
- Sukkot- (tabernacles)
148
Internal female reproductive structure:
- are small, oval-
shaped glands that are located
on either side of the uterus.
- produce eggs and hormones
Ovaries
149
In Sukkot, the ___ on a Friday evening at sunset is an ___ time when families gather together for the ____.
Jewish Sabbath, important, Shabbat meal
150
are narrow tubes that are
attached to the upper part of
the uterus and serve as tunnels
for the ova to travel from the ovaries to the uterus
Fallopian tubes
151
- Those who adhere to religious
particularism typically assert that their religion is the correct and true path to salvation or enlightenment, and other
belief systems are viewed as either incorrect or incomplete
- belief or perspective that one's own religion or faith tradition is unique and holds a special place of truth or significance
Religious Particularism
152
True or False:
With every cycle a woman's body prepares for a potential pregnancy
True
153
T or F: Religious Particularism does not necessarily mean being extremist and reject other religions, rather, it emphasizes distinctiveness and importance of ones' own faith
True
154
The average menstrual cycle takes about ____ days
28
155
- more specific and often more
rigid ideological stance within a religious tradition
- typically characterized by a strict and literal interpretation of their sacred texts, a strong resistance to modern or secular influences, and a desire to return to what
they see as the fundamental principles of their religion.
- often associated with a desire to impose religious beliefs and practices on society and government.
Religious Fundamentalism
156
The different phases of the menstrual cycle
Follicular phase, ovulatory phase. and the luteal phase
157
T or F: Religious Fundamentalism usually does not lead to uncompromising and confrontational attitude to other religion and other's own faith or tradition that holds more liberal or progressive views.
FALSE: Religious Fundamentalism usually LEADS to uncompromising and confrontational attitude to other religion and other's own faith or tradition that holds more liberal or progressive views.
158
The four major hormones involved in the menstrual cycle
Follicle- stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone
159
- Acknowledges and respects the
coexistence of multiple religions in society.
- suggests that various religious belief systems have equal validity and offer valuable insights into matters of spirituality, morality, and meaning
- promotes the idea that no single religion has an exclusive claim to truth or salvation
Religious Pluralism
160
What are the common diseases linked to the male reproductive system?
Infection, Cancer symptoms, Infertility, Penile problems
161
T or F: Religious Pluralism encourages tolerance, understanding, ad cooperation among people of different faiths.
True
162
Physical Self
163
Condition in which veins in the scrotum that carry blood back to the heart become enlarged, can cause fertility problems
Varicocele
164
Is how you feel about
who you are as a person. It is often referred to as confidence in
yourself
Self-esteem
165
What are the common diseases linked to the female reproductive system?
Infection and sexually transmitted diseases, endometriosis and adenomyosis, ovarian disorders, menopause,
166
Person’s evaluation of their physical self which includes evaluations of both the physical appearance and physical competencies.
Physical self-esteem or Physical self-worth
167
According to a team of scientist led by Dr. Helen Fisher at Rutgers, romantic love can be broken down into what three categories?
1. Lust
2. Attraction
3. Attachment
168
Among the many aspects of
yourself that make up who you are and who you believe yourself to be is the Physical Self, which
denotes the _______ aspect of
the person that can be ______
observed and examined as we
interact with our environment and
fellow beings
tangible, directly
169
Is driven by the desire for sexual
gratification.
Lust
170
Kenneth Fox developed a measurement tool for assessing the Physical Self called the
Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSSPP)
171
The hypothalamus of the brain plays a big role in this, stimulating the production of the sex hormones ______ and ______
testosterone and estrogen
172
Refers to one’s physical body
Physical Self
173
Seems to be a distinct, though closely related, phenomenon. While we can certainly lust for someone we are attracted to, and vice versa, one can happen without the other.
Attraction
174
The PSSPP of Kenneth Fox includes how many and what subscales?
5
1. Sports Competence (sport)
2. Physical condition (condition)
3. Body attractiveness (body)
4. Physical strength (strength)
5. Physical self- worth (PSW)
175
Attraction involves the brain pathways that control the
Reward behavior
176
True or False:
Just as the ‘self’ has been
described in one way,
many psychologists define the
‘body’ or the physical self in the same approaches as well
False
177
Produced by the hypothalamus, is a particularly well-publicized player in the brain’s
reward pathway – it’s released when we do things
that feel good to us.
Dopamine
178
You have about ___-___ genes total, each one responsible for a different characteristic
20-25 thousand genes
179
Are released during
attraction. These chemicals make us giddy, energetic, and euphoric, even leading to decreased appetite and insomnia
Norepinephrine
180
True or False:
In other words, a person’s physical self is limited to what can be seen by the naked eye
False: In other words, a person’s physical self is not only limited to what can be seen by the naked
eye
181
Noradrenalin plays a large role in the _____ or ______
Flight or fight response
182
True or False:
More than the physical attributes
that an individual possesses, others also consider the person’s physical competencies such as his or her self-worth and perception of beauty as critical aspects of
physical self since a healthy one
leads to a dynamic functioning of
the ‘self’ towards self-realization
True
183
True or False:
Attraction seems to lead
to a reduction in serotonin, a
hormone that’s known to be
involved in appetite and mood.
Interestingly, people who suffer
from obsessive-compulsive
disorder also have low levels of
serotonin, leading scientists to
speculate that this is what
underlies the overpowering
infatuation that characterizes the
beginning stages of love
True
184
True or False:
The genes in your cells are
different from your parents’ genes
because you inherit one copy of
each gene from your father and
one from your mother.
True
185
Is the predominant factor in long-term relationships
Attachment
186
Because our physical appearance are biological and chemical processes that trigger one’s transformation and development as embodied in the concept of
Heredity
187
The two primary hormones in attachment is
Oxytocin and vasopressin
188
Who studied about physical self-concept and psychological well being/unwellness during
adolescence, defined self-
concept as the totality of
perception that each person has
of themselves
Fernandez (2009)
189
- is often nicknamed
“cuddle hormone”
-released in large quantities during sex, breastfeeding, and childbirth
- feel- good sociable effects
- help reinforce the positive feelings
Oxytocin
190
True or False:
The particular
combination of genes in your cells
is different from everyone else in
the world.
True
191
True or False: Sexual arousal appears to turn on regions in our brain that regulate critical thinking, self-awareness, and rational behavior
False: Sexual arousal appears to turn off regions in our brain that regulate critical thinking, self-awareness, and rational behavior
192
Refers to the transmission of traits
like eye color, hair color or skin
color from parents to offspring
Heredity
193
Which refers to
region in the human body that has increased sensitivity, which, when stimulated, may create a sexual response such as relaxation, thoughts of sexual fantasies, sexual arousal and orgasm
Erogenous zones
194
According to Fernandez's study on physical self-concept the more the individual feels happy with his or her ____, the _____ his or her self-esteem becomes
Physique, higher
195
Common erogenous zones
Mouth, breasts, genitals, and anus
196
This recombination of genetic material not only determines visible traits like your eye and hair color, but also can
Cause you to be more (or less) susceptible to certain diseases
197
Some people may enjoy being touched in certain areas such as
neck, collar bone, thighs, abdomen, and feet
198
Inside every cell in the body is a
_________ that determines
everything about you
Secret code
199
Human sexual behavior is defined as an activity that is:
Solitary, between two persons, or in a group
200
-Is the material that determines all
your traits, and it is found inside the
nucleus of all of your cells.
-Also called the blueprint of an
individual’s physical features
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
201
What are the two determinants of human sexual behavior?
1. Inherited sexual response patterns that have evolved as a means of ensuring reproduction and that become part of each individual's genetic inheritance
2. The degree of restraint or other types of influence exerted on the individual by society in the expression of his sexuality
202
True or False:
As we grow and begin to explore the world around us, we get to interact with different environmental factors that shape our physical self
True
203
Male to female
Heterosexual
204
Is the unfolding of a
person’s inherent traits. It is the
completion of growth of genetic
characters within an organism.
Maturation
205
Male to male; female to female
Homosexual
206
According to Fernandez the more psychological well-being one has, the _____ likely that he or she will experience ________ and ______, and _________
less, anxiety and depression, and eating disorder
207
The main objective of this behavior is to satisfy oneself
through “self-stimulation” that intends to cause sexual
arousal and usually orgasm or sexual climax
Solitary Sexual Behavior
208
True or False:
We are exposed to various practices and cultural norms which make us more conscious of our physical self
True
209
The rate of teenage pregnancy is increasing in our time.
The challenge is to develop self-control in order to
balance ____ and _____
suppression and free expression
210
The traits that are made up of
specific information are
embedded within one’s basic unit
of heredity. These are short pieces of DNA that determine a specific trait, like eye color or hair color
Gene
211
the insertion of the male reproductive structure
into female reproductive organ, is viewed by society
quite differently depending upon the marital status of
the individuals
Coitus
212
Nature vs Nurture
Nature - natural
Nurture - acquired
213
True or False:
Premarital coitus in Western society is encouraged and tolerated if the individuals intend marriage
False: In modern Western society, premarital coitus is more
likely tolerated but not encouraged if the individuals intend marriage
214
In US beautiful girls mean having?
Long, flowy hair, bronzed skin and a wrinkle-free face
215
True or False:
In most societies, marital coitus is considered an obligation
True
216
In Ethiopia Kata tribe what are meant to attract men who are husband-material?
Scars
217
Involving wives is generally
condemned and, if permitted, is allowed only under
exceptional conditions or with specified persons.
Extramarital coitus
218
In the Masal Tribe of Kenya what is defined as beauty?
Long, stretched ear lobes and shaved heads
219
Phase where it is caused by increase in pulse and blood pressure
Excitement Phase
220
In the Kayan tribe in Burma what is the ultimate sign of beauty?
Long, giraffe-like necks
221
Phase that typically lasts for a short period of time
Plateau Phase
222
In the Kayan tribe at the age ____, Kayan women start priming their necks with heavy brass rings which can weigh up to ___ pounds
5, 22
223
Phase that is marked by a feeling of abrupt intense pleasure
Sexual climax or orgasm
224
In various parts of Asia, what is the sign of affluence and attractiveness
Pale white skin
225
Phase that is the last stage that refers to the return to a normal or subnormal physiologic state
Resolution Phase
226
To the Maori people of New Zealand, _____ is considered a sacred ritual wherein a chisel is used to carve grooves into the skin in swirls which is called ______
Tattoo, Ta-moko
227
Sexual issues or sexual disorders are influenced by many factors such as
1. Physiological
2. psychological
3. Social Origin
228
In maori what is considered as the most beautiful
women with tattooed lips and chins, and full blue lips
229
Sexual problems are often
categorized in one of four ways:
1, Desire Disorder - lack of sexual desire or interest in sex
2. Arousal Disorder - inability to become physically aroused or excited during sexual activity
3. Orgasmic Disorder - delay or absence of orgasm
4. Sexual Pain Disorder - pain during intercourse
230
Can be any
problems that prevent a person or
couple from experiencing
satisfaction from sexual activity.
Some 43% of women and 31% of
men report some degree of this
Sexual Dysfunction
231
- Inability to achieve or maintain an
erection suitable for intercourse (erectile
dysfunction)
- Absent or delayed ejaculation despite
adequate sexual stimulation (retarded
ejaculation)
- Inability to control the timing of ejaculation
- Lack of interest in or desire for sex
- Inability to become aroused
- Pain with intercourse
Symptoms of sexual dysfunction in men
232
Inability to achieve orgasm
- Inadequate vaginal lubrication before
and during intercourse
- Inability to relax the vaginal muscles
enough to allow intercourse
- Lack of interest in or desire for sex
- Inability to become aroused
- Pain with intercourse
Symptoms of sexual dysfunction in women
233
Cause of sexual dysfunction that is a physical or medical condition, that include diabetes, heart and vascular disease
Physical cause
234
Cause of sexual dysfunction that include stress and anxiety
Psychological causes
235
Natural method of contraception:
- involves abstaining from sexual intercourse
Abstinence
236
Natural method of contraception:
- also called as the rhythm method and is a natural family planning method refraining from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile
Calendar Method
237
Natural method of contraception:
- women's temperature at rest
Basal body temperature
238
Natural method of contraception:
- changes in the cervical mucus during ovulation
Cervical Mucus Method
239
Natural method of contraception:
- combination of the BBT method and the cervical mucus method
Symptothermal Method
240
Natural method of contraception:
- over-the-counter kit that can predict ovulation through the surge of luteinizing hormone
Ovulation Detection
241
Natural method of contraception:
- through exclusive breastfeeding of the infant, the woman is able to suppress ovulation through this method
Lactation Amenorrhea Method
242
Natural method of contraception:
- the man withdraws the moment he ejaculates
Coitus Interruptus
243
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone
Oral contraceptive
244
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- combination of both estrogen and progesterone in a form of a patch
Transdermal Patch
245
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone and surrounds the cervix
Vaginal Ring
246
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- two rod-like implants embedded under that skin of the woman during her menses
Subdermal Implants
247
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- inhibits ovulation and causes changes in the endometrium and the cervical mucus
- must have increased calcium in her diet
Hormonal Injections
248
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- small, t0shaped object that is inserted into the uterus via the vagina
Intrauterine Device
249
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- spermicides, vaginal gels and creams used to cause the death of sperms before they can enter the cervix
Chemical Barriers
250
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- inhibiting the entrance of the sperm into the vagina
Diaphragm
251
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- another barrier method that is made of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of the cervix
Cervical cup
252
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- a latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the erect penis before vaginal penetration to trap the sperm during ejaculation
Male Condoms
253
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- latex rubber sheaths that are specifically designed for females
Female Condoms
254
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
Surgical method that males undergo through a small incision made on each side of the scrotum
Vasectomy
255
Artificial Method of Contraceptive:
- surgical method in women where occluding the fallopian tubes to block or inhibit the passage of both the sperm and the ova
Tubal Ligation
256
Is used to refer to a condition
passed from one person to another through sexual contact
STD ( Sexual Transmitted Disease)
257
t’s the most commonly reported
STD among Americans caused by a certain type of bacteria
Chlamydia
258
is a virus that can
be passed from one person to another through intimate skin-to skin or sexual contact
HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
259
-is another bacterial infection
- appear as a small round sore
Syphilis
260
Can damage the immune system and raise the risk of
contracting other viruses or bacteria and certain cancers.
HIV
261
Is another common bacterial STD.
It’s also known as “the clap
Gonorrhea
262
Is another name for pubic lice
They’re tiny insects that can take up residence on your pubic hair.
Crabs
263
is also known as “trich.” It’s
caused by a tiny protozoan organism that can be passed from one person to another through genital contact.
Trichomoniasis
264
Can be transmitted sexually. It’s a very common STD
Herpes ( Herpes simplex virus)
265
People who do not believe in the existence of God or any deities.
Atheism
266
People who are unsure or say that it's impossible to know for sure whether God or deities exist
Agnosticism
267
T or F: The concept of Spiritual self is borad and flexible
True
268
Who published a book about logotheraphy and is the father of logotheraphy?
Dr. Victor Frankl
269
Psychotherapy introduced by Frankl
Logotheraphy
270
What does logotheraphy do?
aids individuals to find personal meaning of life
271
In logotherapy, meaning can be
discovered by ___ or doing a deed, experiencing something or encountering someone and the ___.
creating a work, attitude toward unavoidable suffering
272
T or F: According to Frankl, it used the philosophy of optimism in the face of tragedy, where people are capable of “turning suffering
into human achievement and
accomplishment; deriving from guilt the opportunity to change oneself for the better; and deriving from life’s transitoriness an incentive to take responsible action.
TRUE
273
Concepts of Franklian Psychology
- Life has meaning under all circumstances
- Main motivation for living is our will to find meaning in life.
- Freedom to find meaning.
274
What does Franklian Psychology aim for?
- Become aware of spiritual resources
- make conscious spiritual resources
- use “defiant power of the human spirit” and stand up against adversity.
275
T or F: According to Frankl, The human being is an entity consisting of body, mind, and spirit
true
276
What does the first assumption of Frankl deal with?
deals with the body (soma), mind (psyche), and spirit (noos)
277
T or F: The body and mind are what we are and the spirit is what we have
FALSE: The body and mind are WHAT WE HAVE and the spirit is WHAT WE ARE
278
What is the second assumption of Frankl?
Life has a meaning under all
circumstances
279
T or F: The second assumption is the ultimate meaning
True
280
- Seen as the main motivation for living and acting
- considered different than the will to achieve power and pleasure
Frankl's third assumption (People have a will to meaning)
281
Deals with change of attitudes
about unavoidable fate.
Frankl's Assumption four (People have freedom under all circumstances to activate the will to find meaning.)
282
- more practical in daily living than ultimate meaning.
- meaning of the moment
- can be found and fulfilled
Fifth assumption ( Life has a demand quality to which people
must respond if decisions are to be meaningful) (Frankl)
283
- one’s sense of meaning
- enhanced by the realization that we are irreplaceable
Sixth assumption (The individual is unique) (Frankl)
284
Three Sources of meaning for Frankl
purposeful work, courage in the face of difficulty, and love
285
finding the meaning of life with holding a future goal
purposeful work
286
A meaningful life is a life with suffering
Courage in the Face of Difficulty
287
T or F: According to Frankl, Love is the only way to grasp another human being in the innermost core of his personality.
True
288
Finding the meaning of life by caring for another person
Love
