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GCSE P.E (DEFINITIONS) > useful words and terms > Flashcards

useful words and terms Flashcards

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1
Q

sedentary lifestyle

A

Not taking part in physical activity

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2
Q

aerobic

A

With oxygen. If exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen that muscles need.

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3
Q

aesthetic appreciation

A

to be able to see the beauty in a performance

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4
Q

agility

A

the ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body

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5
Q

anabolic steroids

A

drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth

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6
Q

anaerobic

A

without oxygen. if exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them.

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7
Q

anorexic

A

pertaining anorexia is a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite

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8
Q

balance

A

the ability to retain the body’s centre of mass (gravity) above the base of support with reference to static (stationary), or dynamic (changing), conditions of movement, shape and orientation

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9
Q

balance diet

A

a diet which contains an optimal ratio of nutrients

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10
Q

beta blockers

A

drugs that are used to control heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect

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11
Q

blood pressure

A

(BP) is the force exerted by the heart as it pumps blood out of the heart and into the arteries (systolic high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic)

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12
Q

body composition

A

the percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone

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13
Q

cardiac output

A

the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute

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14
Q

cardiovascular fitness

A

the ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time

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15
Q

cholesterol

A

A blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts

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16
Q

circuit training

A

a set of 6 to 10 exercises which are performed at stations in a organised pattern. Each exersice is performed for a specific number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving to the next exercise.

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17
Q

Coopers run test

A

a test of cardiovascular fitness

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18
Q

coordination

A

the ability to use two or more bod pay parts together

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19
Q

cross training

A

using more than one training method

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20
Q

diuretics

A

drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion

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21
Q

ectomorph

A

a somatotype, individuals with narrow hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by thinness

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22
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

a type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count

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23
Q

exercise

A

a form of Physical activity done to maintain or improve health and or physical fitness

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24
Q

Fartlek training

A

this type of training allows an athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different terrain.

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25
Q

fitness

A

the ability to meet the demands of the environment

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26
Q

FITT

A

frequency, intensity, time, type (used to increase the amount of work the body does in order to achieve overload)

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27
Q

flexibility

A

the range of movements possible at a joint

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28
Q

health

A

a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

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29
Q

health related exercise

A

exercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life

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30
Q

healthy active lifestyle

A

a lifestyle that contributes positively to physical, mental and social well being, and that includes regular activity

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31
Q

heart rate

A

the number of times the heart beats each minute

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32
Q

hypokinetic disease

A

a disease related to too little activity (hypo means under or too little - kinetic means energy or activity)

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33
Q

hypertrophy

A

scientific term for an increase in the size of muscle

34
Q

individual differences

A

matching training with the requirements of the individual

35
Q

isometric contractions

A

muscle contraction which results in the increased tension but the length does not alter, for example, when pressing against a stationary object

36
Q

isotonic contraction

A

muscle contraction that results in limb movement

37
Q

joint

A

a place where two or more bones meet

38
Q

ligament

A

a tissue that joins bone to bone

39
Q

mesomorph

A

a somatype, individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by muscularity

40
Q

methods of training

A

interval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training, Fartlek training and cross training

41
Q

muscular endurance

A

the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired

42
Q

muscle groups

A

muscles may be arranged in groups according to location or function e.g the muscles of the leg

43
Q

muscular strength

A

the amount of force a muscle exerts against a resistance

44
Q

narcotic analgesics

A

drugs that via be used to reduce the feeling of pain

45
Q

obese

A

a term used to describe people who are overfat

46
Q

optimum weight

A

the best weight or desirable weight, the best weight a player performs at

47
Q

over fat

A

a way of saying you have more body fat than you should have

48
Q

overload

A

fitness that can only be improved through training more than you would normally

49
Q

overweight

A

having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by over fatness)

50
Q

oxygen debt

A

the amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above which thatwould have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (this results in a shortfall in the oxygen avaliable)

51
Q

PAR-Q

A

physical activity readiness questionnaire

52
Q

PEP

A

personal exercise programme

53
Q

peptide hormones

A

drugs that cause the productions of other hormones

54
Q

performance

A

how well a task is completed

55
Q

physical activity

A

any form of exercise or movement, physical activity may be planned or unplanned and unstructured

56
Q

power

A

the ability to do strength performances quickly

power = strength x speed

57
Q

progressive overload

A

to gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur but without potential injury

58
Q

reaction time

A

the time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement

59
Q

recovery

A

the time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition

60
Q

recovery

A

the time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition

61
Q

rehabilitation

A

restoring an injury to its normal functioning state

62
Q

rest

A

the period of time allotted to recovery

63
Q

resistance training

A

training that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work e.g weight training

64
Q

reversibility

A

any adaption that takes place as a consequence of training will be reversed when you stop

65
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation ( a method of treating injuries )

66
Q

role models

A

a person who you can aspire to, to make you into a better person. Often have better qualities that we would like to have

67
Q

self esteem

A

respect for, or a favourable opinion of, oneself

68
Q

skill related fitness

A

exersice which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability

69
Q

SMART

A

specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time bound

70
Q

socio-economic status

A

may be based on a persons income, education and occupation

71
Q

somatotype

A

classification of body types

72
Q

specificity

A

matching training to the requirements of an activity

73
Q

speed

A

the differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a move or to cover a distance in a period of time

74
Q

stimulants

A

drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental or physical alertness

75
Q

stroke volume

A

the volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during one contraction

76
Q

target zone

A

the range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place 60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate)

77
Q

tendons

A

a tissue tha joins muscle to bone

78
Q

training

A

a well planned programme which uses scientific principle to improve performance, skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness

79
Q

training thresholds

A

the boundaries of a target zone

80
Q

underweight

A

weighing less than is normal, healthy or required

GCSE P.E (DEFINITIONS) (3 decks)

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