use of psychological knowledge in society Flashcards
how do social theorys explain the impact of blind obedience on society
AO1 - could be applied to the military or police, any one in uniform who is perceived to have more power than others may be able to influence them to do something.
AO3 - theorys can not explain why people do not obey, they are deterministic and ignore the influence of free will. not effective in contributing
how do social theorys explain how to minimise crowd control in society
AO1 - social impact theory can explain how to stop riots or football hooliganism, the use of the psychological laws, diffusion of responsibility and social force can reduce aggressive crowds.
AO3 - Has a lot of useful applications such as minimising football hooliganism which can cause damage to property and lives, the reduction of this can then save money and create safer living. effective in contributing
how do social theorys explain how to tackle stereotypes in society
AO1 - Social Identity theory can explain how to reduce stereotypes and prejudice, if there is no competition for resources in society then this could reduce fighting, also superordinate goals could be used to unite in-groups and outgroups
AO3 - the use of this in society would be beneficial as it would be able to reduce fighting, wars = less damage to lives and property = effective in contributing
how does sherif contribute to psychological knowledge in society
reducing prejudice - superordinate goals can be used to unite groups and have a united front on issues. reliability low due to being a field experiment so cannot be fully replicated.
cause of prejudice - people put against each other due to competition for limited resources may cause prejudice and fighting. ecological validity high due to it being a field experiment in a summer camp which is normal for children in america
How does baddeley contribute to psychological knowledge
AO1 - by helping patients with memory issues process information such as using more semantically similar words when explaining instead of acoustically similar as to not confuse the LTM
AO3 - high reliability in study due to standardised procedures
How does reconstructive memory explain the accuracy of eye witness testimony
AO1 - EWT is when people who witnessed a crime give evidence to support or deny the information that is being presented in court, this could be identifying a criminal out of a line up, schema theory can explain how the EWT is unreliable due to the confabulation of memories (when info is added or changed according to schemas) making them unreliable.
AO3 - this is effective in contributing to society as we can make sure that EWT is less used in courts as this can increase the amount of wrongful convictions, which can result it the mistrust in the justice system.
What did Watson and rayner contribute to psychological knowledge in society
AO1 - the understanding of how to treat the mental illness of phobias using systematic desensitisation, the use of conditioning little Albert through loud metal bands instilled a fear of white rats in the baby meaning fears can be conditioned, therefore can be desensitised
AO3 - ungeneralsable due to only using a 9 month old boy, so not generalisable to the general population
What did flooding do to help psychological knowledge in society
AO1 - this is a method of desensitising a phobia by facing your fear face on, this will then result in a fear response which can only last for a short time, when ppts calm down they can then associate the stimulus with relaxation instead of fear
AO1 - this can be seen as an unethical practice as the ppts are in a highly distressed state in the procedure, this means that the ppts may not be retured after the procedure in the same state they came there which means that it is unethical to practice this.
What has operant conditioning done for psychological knowledge in society
AO1 - token economy programs were created on the basis of OC, these are programs that are used in places such as psych wards and rehab to help rehabilitate people with conditions such as anorexia or drug addictions. It works on the basis of getting tokens when you do a desirable behaviour (staying clean or eating) and using these tokens to buy items that are desirable to the patient.
AO3 - this is effective in contributing as it can help people with serous conditions to come back into society and be healthy.
What did Raines study help to improve psychological knowledge in society
AO1 - NGRI criminals are given a less harsh scentencr and they are usually put in care instead of prison, the implications of brain function causing violent crimes is the fact that people could use this as an excuse to get a less harsh sentence and less justice will be served to the people the crimes has effected
AO3 - this study is highly reliable as the PET scans were used they have standardised procedures which can be replicated by others easily, this means that this information can be checked and can help our understanding of the concept more in society
How have drug therapies helped in society
AO1 - drug therapies can be used to treat mental disorders, these are drugs such as SSRIs which can help to treat depression , they work by reducing the amount of serotonin in the brain.
AO3 - this is effective in contributing to society as people can use these drugs and they will help to bring them back to society and live a normal life that is more healthy than before, improving quality of life for themselves and others
How has hormone therapy helped in society
AO1 - hormone therapy’s are used for violent and sexual offenders such as pedophiles, these work by blocking testosterone production, which is proven to be the cause for male aggression.
AO3 - this is effective in contributing in society, this is due to the fact it can help to reduce the amount of violent and sexual crimes which will be able to greatly increase the quality of life in society.
