Use of natural and artificial fertilisers Flashcards
Why do plants need mineral ions, especially nitrates, from the soil?
Mineral ions, especially nitrates, are essential for plant growth and productivity
What happens to mineral ions in natural ecosystems compared to agricultural systems?
In natural ecosystems, mineral ions are returned to the soil by decomposition, whereas in agricultural systems, they are removed with harvested crops and rarely returned
What is intensive food production?
Intensive food production is focused on specific areas of land used repeatedly to achieve maximum crop and animal yield
How does intensive food production impact the soil?
It places large demands on the soil as mineral ions are continually removed by crops and not returned
Why is it necessary to replenish mineral ions in agricultural soils?
Without replenishment, reduced mineral ion concentrations will limit plant growth and decrease productivity
What are the two types of fertilisers used to replenish mineral ions?
Natural (organic) fertilisers and Artificial (inorganic) fertilisers
Describe natural (organic) fertilisers:
They are made from decay and decaying remains of plants and animals, as well as animal wastes like manure and bone meal
Describe artificial (inorganic) fertilisers:
They are mined from rocks and blended to provide a balance of minerals like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
Why must fertilisers be added in appropriate quantities?
Adding too much fertiliser reaches a point where it no longer increases productivity and may cause negative effects
What are the effects of readily available nitrate ions on plants?
Readily available nitrate ions help plants develop earlier, grow taller and increase their leaf area
How does an increase in leaf area benefit plants?
A greater leaf area increases the rate of photosynthesis, leading to improved crop productivity
How have nitrogen-containing fertilisers benefitted food production?
They have increased crop productivity, providing cheaper food for consumers
