Anaerobic respiration

Question 1

Where does anaerobic respiration occur? Why does it occur?

Answer 1

Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is a lack of oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm

Question 2

In plants and microbes what is formed after pyruvate is oxidised?

Answer 2

In plants and microbes, ethanol and carbons dioxide is produced

Question 3

In plants and microbes what is formed after pyruvate is oxidised?

Answer 3

In plants and microbes, ethanol and carbons dioxide is produced

Question 4

In animals what is formed after pyruvate is oxidised?

Answer 4

In animals, they form lactate

Question 5

What happens to the lactate produced in the anaerobic respiration of animals?

Answer 5

After the lactate is produced, it is transported to the liver through the bloodstream where it is oxidised into pyruvate.
It can go onto enter the link reaction or be converted in glycogen

Question 6

What happens during an aerobic respiration in plants and microbes?

Answer 6

Only glycolysis occurs. Pyruvate is gains an oxygen from a reduced NAD molecule to form ethanol and carbon dioxide.

The reduced NAD becomes NAD and is reused in the glycolysis to ensure further ATP production

Question 7

What happens during anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 7

Only glycolysis occurs. The pyruvate gains a hydrogen from a reduced NAD and becomes lactate

The reduced NAD becomes NAD and is reused in glycolysis again, allowing for the further production of ATP

Question 8

What is the advantage of producing ethanol/lactate during anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

It allows for reduced NAD to be converted back into NAD for glycolysis to continue

Question 9

What is a disadvantage of producing ethanol during anaerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Ethanol dissolves cell membranes so when ethanol concentration reaches 12%, cells die.

Question 10

What is a disadvantage of producing lactate during anaerobic respiration?

Answer 10

Lactate is acidic, which means it lowers the body’s pH levels. This results in eventual muscle fatigue

Question 11

Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration:

Answer 11

Both involve glycolysis, require NAD and produce ATP

Aerobic respiration. produced ATP by substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. Anaerobic only involves substrate level phosphorylation

Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration does not produce lactate, ethanol or carbon dioxide but aerobic produces all three