usage of by Flashcards
The way something is done: posta ile, mektup ile
We send a postcard or a letter by post.
The way something is done : telefonla , emaille
We contact someone by phone or by email.
The way something is done : para ile, kart ile
We pay for something by credit card or by cash.
The way something is done : kazara, şans eseri, hata ile
Something happens by mistake, by accident or by chance.
We can also use by with –ing to show how something happened: ( BAY – ARAK)
‘She passed her test by studying hard.’
We can also use by with –ing to show how something happened: ( BAY – ARAK)
‘I got into the house by using my key.’
‘By’ in passives ( BAY – Pikasso)
‘This was painted by Picasso.’
‘By’ in passives
‘This house was built by my grandfather.’
‘By’ in passives
‘I was invited by Sarah.’
‘By’ as ‘next to’– By is also used to mean ‘next to’ or ‘beside’.
‘My dog came and sat by me.’
Use ‘by’ for ‘an amount’
‘He is older than me by 3 years.’
Use ‘by’ for ‘an amount’
‘We sell tomatoes by the kilo.’
‘By’ as ‘no later than’
‘Give me your homework by Friday.’
‘By’ as ‘no later than’
‘The boy must be in bed by 9 o’clock.’
‘By’ as ‘alone’
‘I stayed at home by myself and read the newspaper.’