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US History Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

define reconstruction

A

following civil war with the following goals:
Rebuild south through reunification, Integrate formerly enslaved ppl into society, Provide equal rights for formerly enslaved ppl

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2
Q

when was reconstruction

A

1865-1877

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3
Q

What was Lincoln’s plan

A

10% plan: 10% voters take an oath of loyalty to union for readmission

pardon confederates that gave oath

abolish slavery/educate freed slaves

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4
Q

What was Andrew Johnson’s plan for reconstruction?

A
  • confederates need pardon
  • no plan for freed slaves
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5
Q

What was the radical republicans plan for reconstruction?

A

wade davis bill: 50% of state must pledge loyalty to the union

no confederates in office

equality for black people

forced emancipation

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6
Q

Why was Johnson so controversal?

A

veotoed bills that gave rights to blacks

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7
Q

What was the 13th

A

abolished slavery

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8
Q

what was 14th amendment

A

granted citzenship to natural borns

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9
Q

what was the 15th

A

granted blacks the vote

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10
Q

what tactics were used to dismiss the 14th and 15th

A

segregation laws, kkk, lynchings, taxes

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11
Q

why were radical republicans, radidcal

A

wanted to give equal rights

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12
Q

what was freedman’s bureau

A

lincoln created it to provide resources to formerly enslaved people
- fed millions
- built hospitals
- negotiated labor contracts
- schools howard
- reunited families

signaled introduction of govt. into social welfare

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13
Q

Examples of black codes

A
  • illegal to be unemployed
  • raise voice in front of white woman
  • sell food after dark
  • walk on railroad
    put in place to restrict voting
    -testify against whites but could marry them
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14
Q

what were the 4 parts of 14th admendmentt

A

birthright citizenship, freedom under the law, equality under the law, congress gets more power

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15
Q

booker t washington on how blacks should achieve equality (fast or gradual)

A

educating themselves, investing in their business to prove their value to the economy (gradual)

“cast down bucket”

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16
Q

why did ppl oppose bureau

A

wasteful; didn’t agree with intention: to integrate freed ppl

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17
Q

Jim Crow

A

laws created to legally segregate schools, parks, restuarants, etc

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18
Q

why did reconstruction end

A

southern democrats were tired of having bureau and military

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18
Q

WEB DuBios view on blacks achieving equality

A

Talented Tenth to secure equal rights
* criticized washignton’s “education” to be servants, wants education in subject matter
*editor of the crisis to attack discrimination and segrehatioon with lawsuits and protest

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19
Q

reconstruction failure

A

establishment of the kkk
sharecropping
emmitt till
black codes
jim crow laws

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20
Q

reconstruction success

A

13th, 14th, 15th
freedment’s bureau
naacp

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21
Q

how did standard oil rise to dominance

A

used horizontal integration (trusts) to control all competitors and create monopoly

bribed politicians and railroads

refined oil to make kerosene to hire engineers to make it better, could sell it for cheaper

mom and pop couldn’t compete, workers treated horribly

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22
Q

The ______was a time after the ______ in which americans sought political, social, and economic reform to counter the negative effects of ______

A

progressive era
gilded age
industrialization

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23
Q

vertical integration

A

owning everything you need to make and sell product (cut out middle man) keep costs low but profits high

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24
horizontal intgration
mastered by rockefeller (controlling competitors to create a monopoly
25
laissez-faire
french term (to let go) to describe capitalism with little govt involevemnt
26
social darwinsim
belief that wealthy are successful because their inheretly better (survival of fittest)
27
americanization
movement to assimulate immigrants and indigenous ppls
28
nativism
belief that ppl born in us are superior to immigrants
29
muckrackers
journalists/authors that exposed how urban areas struggled with pop growth
30
populists
progressive party that wanted to take power from wealthy and give it to everyday people (mostly farmer based)
31
who immigrated to us
italians, europeans, etc.
32
push factors and pull
push: social and political turmoil, overpop, crop failure, industrial rev pull: freedom, economic oppportunity, land
33
haymarket affair
bomb (radical labor activists arrested with no connection to crime) led to xenophobia
34
americanization movement
reaction to influx of european immigants ledd to rise in nativism and crime
35
what were some tactics used to make change in labor movement (name the unions
boycott, strike, union making, stop child labor, shorten working hours, negotiation, sabatoge , increase wage, better working conditions, ovvertrhow capatilism Knights of Labor (end child labor) American federation of labor (increase wages) Industrial Workers of the World (overthrow capitalism)
36
what were the goals of progressivists?
- gradual income tax - 8 hr work dat - restrict immigration - more govt. involvement
37
realism
thinking guided by reason and rationality, your self interest, protect your needs and security
38
washington's farewell address
steer clear of permanent alliances, neutrality, out of foreign affairs
39
neutrality
refusing to take sides among warring nations (no alliances, no enemies)
40
what is the monroe doctrine
twin poilicies of non colonization and non-interference
41
what is idealism
guided by morals and ethics, best interest of family and community, to help others
42
what's an example of realism
after the mexican american war, the US gained their land to secure the border and demonstrate strength
43
examples of expansionism/imperialism
Spanish American war and Louisiana Purchase Treaty
44
imperialism
empire building- process of expanding power and control over foreign nations through military force
45
territories acquired after spanish american war
guam, puerto rico, phillipines
46
anti imperialist
- not profitable to farmers - its expensive - foreigners would have a say in govt. - preserve peace - it will lead to moral decay - absurrd to think if we don't conquer, someone else will
47
pro imperialist
- god-given land - influence of navy and alliances will be felt - they can't govern themselves - spread american values
48
why did the us go to war with spain
sinking of the uss maine
49
what was wilson's initial stance on the war and what was american's reactions
nuetral, thought it was a distant conflict that didn;t concern them
50
who did americans favor
allied bc most of family was from europe
51
allied vs central
allied: uk, france, japan, russia, italy, portugal central: germany, austria hungary, ottoman, bulgaria
52
what were the insular cases
opinions of supreme court saying that pr and territiories ceded by spain are full of alien races that cna't understand anglo saxon thingsz, so us constituiotn don't app,uy
53
how did the us acquire hawaii
President McKinley saw Pearl Habor as a strategic way station to the Philippines so he signed a treaty with the American-run republic of Hawai’i to annex Hawai’i, overthrew queen
54
who were the reservationists vs irreconcible
reservationist: opposed treaty at all cost irreconciable: supported with few admendmeents
55
what is the platt admendement
limited cuba's independece: couldn't sign treaties without us approval, us could intervene to maintain indep. and remove threates to economic stability, leased guantanamo bay
56
tydings mcdyffe act
commonwealth of phillipines and 10 yr transitioin to indep.
57
America remained neutral after the sinking of _____ but made a promise called the _____ to ....
Luisitania sussex pledge: promise made by germany to warn and spare lives before u boat attacks
58
zimmermann telegram
Germany sent coded telegram to german minister in mexico saying that germany and mexico should become allies if the us joins the war and that they'll help them regain lost territiory
59
why did the us enter the war
czar removed, no longer can be allied with dictator, u boat breaking sussex pledge and zimmermann telegram
60
why did some senators oppose the treaty of versailles and who created it
- submit race and immigration problems - allow europe to police america - stifle the cry of unborn american body - maintain political autonomy (wilson)
61
consumerism
standarized goods and trends] line of credit---> debt
62
farmers during 20s
overproducing, debt, deflation, couldn't repay loans
63
income during 20s
larger income gap, 60 percent annual income of 2500 or less
64
Great Migration
black people moving from south to north which led to the rise of black businesses and harlem renaissance (NYC)
65
Temperance movement
protesetent women saw alcohol as thing that leads to break ups and it was anti- immigrant Catholics because they didn;t want their breweries shaping american culture
66
Immigration act of 1924
quotas based on nation of origin to maintain racial composition of the US that favored northern and western europe
67
CIvil rights during 20s
19th adementment women get to vote, indian citizenship act,aclu, naacp
68
negative civil organizationss in 20s
rebirth of kkk because of the birth of the nation promoted the lost cause (civil war not centeered in skavery)
69
Tulsa race massacre
black man accused of assalting a white woman, other black people protected him from getting lynched, but white people burned the thriving community
70
osage reign of terror
oil, marry them, white guardians control their wealth, death

History (8 decks)

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