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US History > US History Final - 2nd Semester > Flashcards

US History Final - 2nd Semester Flashcards

1
Q

Work that slides down a table in a factory for people to work on.

A

Assembly Line

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2
Q

Making goods in a factory in large quantities

A

Mass production

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3
Q

Factories where people worked long hours for very low wages

A

Sweatshop

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4
Q

Group of workers who fight for better pay and work conditions

A

labor unions

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5
Q

A fast growing community

A

boomtown

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6
Q

How did John D. Rockefeller build his empire?

A

Horizontal integration - he combined oil companies into 1 company

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7
Q

What legislation was a response to the public’s growing concern over trusts and monopolies?

A

Antitrust Laws

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8
Q

What did the railroad network allow for American industry to do?

A

Expand to the west

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9
Q

What act gave 160 acres of free land to any settler who paid a filing fee and agreed to live on the land for 5 years?

A

Homestead Act

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10
Q

What were the beliefs of the Populist Party?

A

Shorter work days, federal income tax, government owned railroads and telegraph

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11
Q

What group was formed to represent skilled workers in various crafts?

A

AFL - American Federation of Labor

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12
Q

What are government financial aid and land grants called?

A

subsidies

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13
Q

Who invented the electric light bulb?

A

Thomas Edison

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14
Q

From what country did the US purchase Alaska?

A

Russia

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15
Q

Why did the US want to build a canal in Panama?

A

Reduce shipping time and costs

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16
Q

What are muckrakers?

A

Reporters who wrote about corruption

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17
Q

Participated in “long drive”, motivated by high profits.

These are all characteristics of ranchers or farmers?

A

ranchers

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18
Q

Floods and drought were dangers, settled in the Great Plains, railroads made journey west easier.

These are all characteristics of ranchers or farmers?

A

Farmers

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19
Q

Who made a fortune in the steel industry and used vertical integration?

A

Andrew Carnegie

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20
Q

Who invented the Model T?

A

Henry Ford

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21
Q

What is a monopoly?

A

Total control by a single producer of goods

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22
Q

Who invented the telephone?

A

Thomas Edison

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23
Q

How did the US acquire Hawaii?

A

Annexed it from Native Hawaiian people and forced the queen to leave.

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24
Q

Give examples of push factors

A

People were being punished for their religion and wanted more freedom.

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25
Give examples of pull factors
People came to America for religious freedom, jobs and land
26
Describe the journey to america
The ship was cramped, dirty and smelly. It took several weeks.
27
Describe experiences on Ellis Island
Many questions, medical exam, if you didn't pass you could be sent back
28
Describe a sweatshop and what it was like.
Unhealthy to work in. All the doors and windows were locked so you couldn't get out. Worked 10-12 hours per day.
29
Define nationalism
showing strong loyalty to your country
30
Define front
The battlefield; where the fighting is happening
31
Define armistice
An agreement to stop fighting; a truce
32
Define propoganda
Information used to influence opinion
33
Define alliance system
Countries agree to defend each other
34
At the beginning of WWI the US remained ___________
neutral
35
How did imperialism in Europe lead to conflict between nations?
It encouraged each nation to compete for power
36
What method was used by the US Government to get support for WWI?
yellow journalism
37
Whose assassination was the spark that started WWI in Europe?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
38
Of the new weapons discussed during WWI, which weapon was ONLY used by the Germans?
poison gas
39
What system was intended to protect countries but actually led to WWI?
alliance system
40
What were the reasons for the US joining WWI?
The Zimmerman Telegram, Germany was sinking ships and America couldn't get goods to other countries to trade.
41
What was created in 1918 to ensure production of war materials?
National War and Labor Board
42
How did the US government raise money to support WWI?
Liberty bonds and raised taxes
43
How the Food Administration ask Americans to help soldiers?
Plant victory gardens, rations
44
Describe the lasting effects the Treaty of Versailles had on Germany after WWI
Forced to give up land and pay billions of dollars
45
Germany, Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary were all Allies or Central Power?
Central Power
46
Britain, United States, France were all Allies or Central Power?
Allies
47
Define relief
Money for the poor; aid for the needy
48
Define Hundred Days
Special session of congress to deal with problems of the depression
49
What is installment buying?
Buying products by making small payments
50
Define stock exchange
Place where shares of companies are bought and sold
51
What was Roosevelt's plan to bring the country out of the Great Depression?
The New Deal
52
What term refers to buying stock by paying only a fraction of the cost?
Buying stocks on margin
53
What amendment established prohibition?
18th amendment
54
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th amendment
55
What was the name of the movement in the 1920's that instilled an interest in African culture and pride in being African American?
Harlem Renaissance
56
In the 1930's, what was the severe economic state the US went into called?
Great Depression
57
Which act provided monthly pensions for retired people?
Social Security Act
58
What group saw a revival in membership due to Nativism?
Ku Klux Klan
59
What were the causes of the Great Depression?
banks failing, stock market crash, too much money being borrowed
60
As people lost their jobs, where were the forced to live?
Hooverville
61
What did Herbert Hoover do to combat the Great Depression?
Created public works programs
62
What was the symbol of a liberated woman in the 1920's?
A flapper
63
What types of people were feared after WWI?
communists
64
What group lost their jobs to whites in the south leading them to migrate north to find jobs?
African Americans
65
During the Great Depression, what was built in Nevada to give people jobs?
Hoover Dam
66
What was the purpose of the WPA (Workers Progress Administration)?
Give jobs on public works projects
67
What was the purpose of the AAA (Agriculture Adjustment Act)?
Reduce the amount of crops to raise prices
68
What was the purpose of the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)?
To insure savings accounts so people don't lose money
69
What was the purpose of the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)?
Gave jobs in conservation and natural resources
70
What was the purpose o the REA (Rural Electrification Administration)?
To provide electricity to rural areas
71
What is a dictator?
A person who has all control, especially in government. Example: Hitler
72
Define anti-semitism
Discrimination or hostility toward Jews.
73
What is totalitarian?
A government that controls citizens. Tells them how to think and act
74
What is genocide?
Deliberate extinction of a group of people. Example: killing all jews
75
What devastating event catapulted the US into WWII?
Attack on Pearl Harbor
76
What agreement freed Hitler to use force against Poland without fear of Soviet intervention?
Non-Aggression Act
77
Which countries were Allies during WWII?
US, Britain, Soviet Union
78
What event, during WWII, marked a turning point in the war for the Allies?
D-Day
79
During what historic day during WWII did the Germans surrender, ending the war in Europe?
V-Day
80
What significant accomplishment happened during the Manhattan Project?
1st atomic bomb was created
81
What Native American tribe helped to send messages during WWII by creating secret codes?
Navajo Indians
82
What country attacked the US causing the worst defeat in US military history?
Japan
83
What was the purpose of the speech, "A day that will live in Infamy"?
To ask congress to declare war
84
What political party was Hitler named chairman of in 1921?
Nazi
85
How did Americans help at home in the war effort during WWII?
Rations, victory gardens, collected scrap metal
86
What federal project had a great impact than military bases in Nevada?
Basic Magnesium
87
What two countries were involved in the dropping of the atomic bomb?
US and Japan
88
How did the US prepare for WWII?
Expanded the navy, congress approved draft for military
89
What time period refers to when millions of Jewish people were killed during WWII?
Holocaust
90
Where did the US run tests on the atomic bomb?
New Mexico
91
WWII helped the US recover from ______________.
The Great Depression
92
What did the Neutrality Act allow the US to do?
Sell weapons for cash
93
The V-2 rocket, used by Germany, let to advances in what are of science?
Space exploration
94
Where were war crime trials for Nazi leaders held?
The War Tribunal in Germany
95
Who did Hitler blame for the economic depression in Germany?
Jews
96
Where were Japanese Americans forced to relocate after the attack on Pearl Harbor?
Internment Camps
97
What was the purpose of the Rosie the Riveter ads?
To recruit women to work in munitions factories building weapons
98
Where was the first atomic bomb dropped?
Hiroshima
99
Name the leader of each country and what side they were on during WWII. ``` Germany US Soviet Union Italy Britain Japan ```
``` Germany - Adolph Hitler - Axis US - Franklin Roosevelt - Allies Soviet Union - Joseph Stalin - Allies Italy - Mussolini - Axis Britain - Winston Churchill - Allies Japan - Hideki Tojo - Axis ```

US History (4 decks)

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