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US History Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of company allowed individuals to work together to start colonies by enabling investors to share profits, without sharing the liabilities?

A

Joint stock company

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2
Q

The first permanent Eglish settlement in America

A

Jamestown

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3
Q

The defeat of the Spanish Armada was significant except for it

A

brought an end to the power of the Roman Catholic Church

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4
Q

In 1493 Pope Alexander VI divided the world for settlement and exploration betwwen Portugal and

A

Spain

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5
Q

The Indian population in the New World dropped from 50M to 4M in about one century primarily because of

A

diseases brought by the Europeans

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6
Q

The Aztecs were a highly civilized Indian culture in

A

Mexico

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7
Q

During the 16th century, which country dominated exploration of the New World?

A

Spain

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8
Q

How did the Protestant Reformation encourgae settlement in the New World?

A

Protestants went to the New World to escape from persecution.

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9
Q

What movement in the 1500s was caused by Europe’s new discovery of Biblical truth?

A

Protestant Reformation

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10
Q

Magellan

A

was killed in the Philippines

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11
Q

The most significant fact about John Cabot’s voyages was that he

A

Claimed land for North America for England.

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12
Q

What merchants controlled the overland routes to Asia threatening safety and leading to Europeans looking for another way to the East?

A

Muslim

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13
Q

What monarch sponsored Columbus’s first exploration?

A

Isabella

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14
Q

What European nation first discovered a sea route to Asia?

A

Portugal

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15
Q

Who led a small group of Pilgrims to Plymouth on the Mayflower?

A

William Bradford

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16
Q

What vsionary governor wanted to make Massachusetts Bay Colony “a model of Christian charity”?

A

John Winthrop

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17
Q

What founder of Providence, Rhode Island, advocated complete separation of church and state?

A

Roger Williams

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18
Q

The House of Burgesses was the

A

first self-governing assembly in America

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19
Q

Before the English invaded, New York was settled by the

A

Dutch

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20
Q

Who was the most significant figure in the settlement of Connecticut?

A

Thomas Hooker

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21
Q

Which was considered a New Englad colony?

A

New Hampshire

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22
Q

The Puritan’s attitude toward the Anglican church was that they wanted

A

to stay in the church and improve it.

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23
Q

The major difference between Pilgrims and Puritans was over

A

staying in the Anglican church

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24
Q

What was the dividing line Pope Alexander VI drew up to separate the exploration between Spain and Portugal?

A

Line of Demarcation

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25
Q

What early Native American tribe lived in caves along the rims and ledges of canyons of the southwest United States?

A

Pueblo Indians

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26
Q

The London and Plymouth Companies wanted to colonize what territory?

A

Virginia

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27
Q

Spanish settlers in the New World practiced what religion?

A

Catholic

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28
Q

What important river did Hernando De Soto discover?

A

Mississippi River

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29
Q

What title was given to the daring Spanish soldiers/exploreres?

A

Conquistadors

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30
Q

For whom was the New World named?

A

Vespucci

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31
Q

The famous work Desciption of the World was about whose adventures?

A

Marco Polo

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32
Q

What early English colony was assisted by the Indian princess Pocahontas?

A

Jamestown

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33
Q

In what colony did the Quakers undertake a “Holy Experiment?”

A

Pennsylvannia

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34
Q

What did the Puritans call the agreement that God had made with his people?

A

Covenant

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35
Q

What document of self-government did the Pilgrims sign when they firsft arrived in America?

A

Mayflower Compact

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36
Q

Who led a small group of Pilgrims to Plymouth on the Mayflower?

A

William Bradford

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37
Q

What type of colony was controlled directly by the king?

A

Royal colony

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38
Q

What type of colony was governed by a trade company or business?

A

Charter Colony

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39
Q

What type of colony was run by appointees of the king?

A

Propietary

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40
Q

The New England Primer was a

A

text for colonial schools

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41
Q

What were dame schools?

A

Village schools in New England

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42
Q

What revival in American History spanned from the 1720s to the early 1760s?

A

Great Awakening

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43
Q

What was not a result of the Great Awakening?

A

end of divisions within America’s churches

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44
Q

What brilliant theologian became the leader of the Great Awkaening in New England?

A

Jonathan Edwards

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45
Q

The center of colonial Roman Catholocism was

A

Maryland

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46
Q

What religious group thaught that man is saved from the following and obeying the “inner light”?

A

Quakers

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47
Q

The Huguenots came from

A

France

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48
Q

Most American Lutherans came from

A

Germany

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49
Q

Who founded what is considered the first Baptist Church in America?

A

Roger Williams

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50
Q

Which statement about the Salem Witch Trials is true?

A

Only people who professed innocence were executed

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51
Q

What type of church structure/government did New England Puritans practice?

A

congregational

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52
Q

What was the most influential religious movement in colonial America?

A

Puritanism

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53
Q

From what did Puritans want to purify the Church of England

A

Catholic ceremonies

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54
Q

What meeting of colonial delegates denounced the Stamp Act?

A

Stamp Act Congress

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55
Q

What Patriot organization arose as a response to the Stamp Act?

A

Sons of Liberty

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56
Q

What plan, proposed by Benjamin Franklin, attempted to unite the colonies during the French and Indian War?

A

Albany Plan

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57
Q

Who became the voice of the revolution?

A

Patrick Henry

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58
Q

Under the Treaty of Paris (1763) Britain gained temporary control of the following territory except

A

the Louisiana Territory

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59
Q

The British three-part plan, devised by William Pitt, to win the Seven Years’ War included all of the following except to

A

leave fighting in America to the colonists

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60
Q

What British general was killed trying to fight the French in an open battle?

A

Edward Braddock

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61
Q

Nationalism grew in the American colonies for all of these reasons excepted that

A

all the colonist had a common heritage from Great Britain

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62
Q

Whose rise to power in 1760 marked a major shift in British policy towards its American colonies?

A

George III

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63
Q

The key British victory of the French and Indian War was the capture of

A

Quebec

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64
Q

Who won the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?

A

James Wolfe

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65
Q

One of the major reasons that the colonies were taxes after the French and Indian War was that the British

A

needed money to pay for the war

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66
Q

What peace treaty brought an end to the French and Indian War?

A

Treaty of Paris, 1763

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67
Q

Why was Franklin’s Albany Plan a failure?

A

The colonists feared a central government and losing control of colonial powers

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68
Q

Whatmwas Britain’s chief disadvantages during the French and Indian War?

A

lack of colonial unity

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69
Q

What event sparked the French and Indian War?

A

A force under George Washington clashed with the French near the forks of the Ohio River

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70
Q

What geographic feature was at the heart of the Louisiana Purchase?

A

Mississippi River

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71
Q

What country was England’s main opponent during the wars that raged from the 1680s to the 1760s?

A

France

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72
Q

What paddle-shaped board did colonists use for reading?

A

Hornbook

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73
Q

What sect was centered in the colony of Pennsylvania?

A

Quakers

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74
Q

What was the main “idea” of Puritan theology?

A

Covenant

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75
Q

What line established in 1763 to limit the westward expansion of American colonists?

A

Proclaimation of 1763

76
Q

What finnancial power did the colonial assembliys used to curb the power of royal governors?

A

Power of the Purse

77
Q

What important fort did the French build on the Ohio River at the outset of the French and Indian War?

A

Fort Duquesne

78
Q

What did the colonists call the bloody Seven Years’ War, which began on the American frontier in 1754?

A

French and Indian War

79
Q

What colonial commander fought the first skirmish of the French and Indian War in an attempt to expel the French from western Pennsylvania?

A

George Washington

80
Q

What did the French call the territory they claimed along the Mississippi River?

A

Louisiana

81
Q

What document asserted the right of the colonist to be free and independent states?

A

Declaration of Independence

82
Q

Who was the commander in chief of the Continental Army?

A

George Washington

83
Q

What action did Boston Patriots take in 1773 when some British ships refused to take their tea back to England?

A

Boston Tea Party

84
Q

At what point during the Revolution was the world turned upside down?

A

Siege of Yorktown

85
Q

What unexpected event turned Cornwallis’s secure position at Yorktown into a hopeless trap?

A

the arrival of a French fleet with reinforcements

86
Q

Where did most of the major battles take place in the south?

A

The Carolinas

87
Q

What act of treason did Benedict Arnold agree to perform?

A

hand over a fort

88
Q

What was America’s greatest ally during the Revolution?

A

France

89
Q

Why was the Saratoga campaign such an important victory for the Patriots?

A

it brought France into the war

90
Q

Which of the following battles help to raise American morale after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Long Island?

A

Trenton

91
Q

what did Common Sense advocate?

A

Complete independence from Britain

92
Q

to whom was Olive Branch Petition addressed?

A

King George the Third

93
Q

where was the shot heard from around the world fired?

A

Lexington

94
Q

what was a major accomplishment of the First Continental Congress?

A

Assert the rights of the colonies to govern themselves

95
Q

The colonists were offended by the Tea Act of 1773 because

A

it gave a British company control over the sea trade

96
Q

what was the main purpose of the Committee of Correspondence?

A

Provide information about British threats to Liberty

97
Q

what British response to the gaspee incident angered the colonists?

A

Establishing a British commission to investigate and make arrests

98
Q

who was the father of the Constitution?

A

James Madison

99
Q

the last two major states to ratify the Constitution for Virginia and

A

New York

100
Q

Who was not one of the authors of the Federalist Papers?

A

Patrick Henry

101
Q

what Christian Statesman presented the compromise that broke the deadlock over representation in the Constitution?

A

Rodger Sherman

102
Q

what unicameral plan did the small states support at the Constitutional Convention each state would receive an equal Voice?

A

New Jersey Plan

103
Q

what bicameral plan did the large states support at the Constitutional Convention because representation was based on population size?

A

Virginia Plan

104
Q

what two factions opposed each other over the issue of representation in Congress?

A

Large states vs small states

105
Q

which state refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention and was the last of the original colonies to ratify the Constitution?

A

Rhode Island

106
Q

what was the most important accomplishment of the Annapolis convention?

A

Call a new convention to remedy the weakness of the Confederation

107
Q

what caused Shay’s Rebellion?

A

Unrest over defaulted Farm loans

108
Q

what caused the Newburgh conspiracy?

A

Military discontent over back wages

109
Q

which of the following was a success for of the Articles of Confederation?

A

Foreign peace

110
Q

Which of the following best describes the government under the Articles of Confederation?

A

Unicameral Congress

111
Q

what was America’s single greatest contribution to political thought?

A

The Constitution

112
Q

what convention was called in Philadelphia to solve the weakness of the Confederation?

A

Constitutional Convention

113
Q

what are the first three words in the Preamble to the Constitution?

A

We the People

114
Q

what do we call the introduction to the Constitution?

A

Preamble

115
Q

What Secretary of the Treasury introduced the First National Bank and supported other Federalists policies?

A

Alexander Hamilton

116
Q

after he lost the election of 1800, whom the John Adams pick as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during his midnight appointments?

A

John Marshall

117
Q

Alexander Hamilton was not nominated as a presidential candidate in the election of 1796 because he

A

had too many enemies

118
Q

Europeans took advantage of America’s weakness during the 1790s by

A

raiding American ships

119
Q

the alien acts granted the president the power to

A

expel or imprison immigrants

120
Q

the Federalists strongly supported

A

Commerce

121
Q

the Sedition Acts granted the president the power to

A

prohibit treasonous speech

122
Q

the United States broke its Treaty of alliance with France because

A

the French had overthrown the old government

123
Q

the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions advocated

A

Nullification

124
Q

what caused the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

Opposition to taxes

125
Q

What did the South accept in return for locating the national capital in the South?

A

Assumption of State debts

126
Q

what is the first opened debate over constitutional interpretation?

A

Creation of a National Bank

127
Q

what Secretary of State under George Washington strongly opposed Federalist policies?

A

Thomas Jefferson

128
Q

what Secretary of the Treasury has been called the greatest administrative genius and America?

A

Alexander Hamilton

129
Q

which amendment is the most fundamental to the Bill of Rights?

A

First

130
Q

which amendment reserves all nondelegated powers to the states and the people?

A

10th

131
Q

which of the following was not accomplished during the first session of Congress?

A

Proclamation of neutrality

132
Q

who was generally considered the leader of the early Democratic-Republican party?

A

Thomas Jefferson

133
Q

who, as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, negotiated an important piece treaty with Britain?

A

John Jay

134
Q

Jefferson was hesitant to accept the Louisiana Purchase because

A

the Constitution did not specifically give him such authority

135
Q

what well-designed for prevented the British from capturing Baltimore?

A

McHenry

136
Q

Who won the election of 1800?

A

Thomas Jefferson

137
Q

all of the following men were explorers except

A

Anthony Wayne

138
Q

Andrew Jackson solidified his political Fame after which battle?

A

Battle of New Orleans

139
Q

Sacagawea was an Indian

A

assistant to Lewis and Clark

140
Q

Tecumseh was a threat to the United States because he

A

attempted to unite the Indian tribes into one nation

141
Q

the case of Marbury vs Madison established the idea

A

of judicial review

142
Q

the issue of impressment created tension because of an incident involving the bombing of this US ship

A

Chesapeake

143
Q

the Louisiana Purchase brought about all the following except

A

the pleas of the French and Spanish Creoles in the area

144
Q

what advantage did the United States enjoy at the beginning of the war of 1812?

A

The British were tied down in a war with Napoleon

145
Q

what is America’s national anthem?

A

The Star Spangled Banner

146
Q

what victory overseas did America win during Jefferson’s administration?

A

Defeat of Tripoli

147
Q

What is a direct result of the Federalist attempt to manipulate the election of 1800?

A

12th Amendment

148
Q

which of the following was not one of the reasons the president gave for declaring war on England?

A

Capture of Canada

149
Q

why was the USS Constitution called Old Ironside?

A

Enemy cannonballs bounced off its Oak sides

150
Q

What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

A

Bill of Rights

151
Q

what party supported industry and commerce and believe that the government should be run by Property Owners?

A

Federalist

152
Q

what party supported the common people and distrust and centralized government?

A

Republicans

153
Q

who was America’s second President?

A

John Adams

154
Q

what city did the British capture and burn after they won the Battle of Bladensburg?

A

Washington d.c.

155
Q

what influential Chief Justice of the Supreme Court handed down numerous Landmark decisions?

A

John Marshall

156
Q

what tract of land did Napoleon Bonaparte sell to the United States?

A

Louisiana

157
Q

what was the name for Representatives in the 1810’s who were intensely nationalistic and pro-war?

A

War Hawks

158
Q

what stunning Victory did Americans win against British regulars after the war was over?

A

Battle of New Orleans

159
Q

what is judicial review? Who established it?

A

Judicial review allows the Court to declare a law unconstitutional
John Marshall

160
Q

What is the name for Jackson’s practice of rewarding his supporters with government offices?

A

Spoils system

161
Q

what candidate won the most popular votes in most electoral votes in 1824, yet lost the election?

A

Andrew Jackson

162
Q

what presidential candidate used the slogan Tippecanoe and Tyler too?

A

William Henry Harrison

163
Q

what was the major issue in Jackson’s re-election campaign?

A

National Bank

164
Q

which high tariff caused the Nullification Crisis?

A

Tariff of Abominations in 1828

165
Q

who promoted the American system particularly the National Bank?

A

Henry Clay

166
Q

all of the following were candidates in the 1824 presidential election except

A

James Monroe

167
Q

Andrew Jackson’s vice president and successor in the presidency was

A

Martin van Buren

168
Q

Central to Jackson’s 1832 re-election campaign was the issue of

A

the renewal of the National Bank

169
Q

the supposed corrupt bargain was between

A

Adams and Clay

170
Q

For what corrupt bargain did Adams opponents attack him?

A

An alleged deal with Clay to get the presidency

171
Q

what Great Compromisor help to Defuse The Crisis over admission of Missouri and the Nullification of the Tariff of 1828

A

Henry Clay

172
Q

what bank system did Jackson set up to replace the National Bank?

A

Pet Banks

173
Q

what Indian tribe attempted to keep its lands through legal action?

A

Cherokee

174
Q

what issue lay at the heart of the debate over the admission of Missouri as a state?

A

Balance of slave states in the Senate

175
Q

what were the closed meetings of party leaders who picked presidential candidates called?

A

Caucuses

176
Q

which of the following was not an element of the concern for the economic strength of nation, referred to as the American system?

A

World-class Navy

177
Q

which of the following was not one of the provisions of the Missouri Compromise?

A

Reduced tariff

178
Q

who benefits most from protective tariffs?

A

Manufacturers

179
Q

who was the little magician who helped to organize Jackson successful campaign of 1828?

A

Martin van Buren

180
Q

Who became famous for short stories and poems that explored the Dark Side of human nature?

A

Edgar Allan Poe

181
Q

what did Prohibition seek to reform?

A

Alcohol abuse

182
Q

what new party was formed in response to Jackson’s Democratic policies?

A

Whig

183
Q

what party of the common man’s is still in existence to stay today?

A

Democratic

184
Q

what party opposed Jackson and supported Adams and the expansion of the national economy?

A

Republicans

185
Q

what agreement allowed Missouri to be admitted as a slave state if further slavery was banned north of 36° 30 minutes?

A

Missouri Compromise

186
Q

who was the old hickory?

A

Andrew Jackson

187
Q

what famous Road did the national government build from Baltimore Westford?

A

National Road what policy did Jackson adopt towards the Indian problem? Indian Removal policy what type of high tax on imported goods is designed to protect National manufacturers against foreign competition? Tariff what was Jackson’s close circle of advisers called? Kitchen cabinet what social reformer in the 1840s was concerned with prison reform and insane asylum reform? Dorothea Dix who was the leading black abolitionist who traveled and gave lectures against slavery? Frederick Douglass what secret network of people gave Aid to runaway slaves traveling north? Underground Railroad what vocal abolitionist condemn slavery through the publication of a newspaper called The Liberator? William L Garrison what American hymn writer compose the tunes for such favorites as my faith looks up to thee and When I Survey the Wondrous Cross? Isaac Watts what do we call the movement to eliminate slavery? Abolition what constitutional principle supports the division of power between National and state levels of government? Federalism

US History (5 decks)

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