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US History > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

I. Changes in the Old World II. Contacts in the New World

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1
Q

Marco Polo

A

Italian explorer who wrote about his travels to Central Asia and China.

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2
Q

Caravel

A

Swift Portugese ship with 2-3 triangular sails

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3
Q

Merchantilism

A
  • Economic system designed to enhance the wealth and power of a nation
  • Wealth determined by precious metals ie. gold and silver
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4
Q

Bartolomeu Dias

A
  • Portuguese explorer who rounded the tip of Africa

- Cape of Good Hope

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5
Q

Vasco da Gama

A

Portuguese explorer who reached India by sailing around the tip of Africa.

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6
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Italian-born (Portuguese) explorer who thought he had discovered Asia but discovered the Americas instead
called the people “Indians”

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7
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

Sailed to West Indies and South America

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8
Q

John Cabot

A

English explorer who claimed Newfoundland for England while looking for Northwest Passage

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9
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

Portuguese explorer who found a sea route to the Spice Island by sailing around the American continent. His crew was the first to circumnavigate the world.

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10
Q

Circumnavigate

A

to sail completely around the world

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11
Q

Martin Luther

A

Founder of Protestantism

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12
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

Movement that pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church and society

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13
Q

John Calvin

A

Geneva’s (Switzerland) most influential teacher

reorganized the educational systems

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14
Q

Bering Strait

A

waterway between Asia and North America thought to be the passage that brought the ancestors of the American Indians to the Western Hemisphere

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15
Q

Pueblo Indians

A
  • 1st group of Indians the Spanish encountered

- Grew corn mainly

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16
Q

Mound Builders

A

native american civilizations of the eastern region of north america that created distinctive earthen works that served as elaborate burial places

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17
Q

Eastern Woodland Indians

A

The group of Indian tribes that occupied the whole East Coast of North America.

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18
Q

Hernando Cortes

A

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico

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19
Q

Conquistador

A

Spanish conqueror

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20
Q

Montezuma

A

Aztec emperor

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21
Q

Francsico de Coronado

A

Looked for the Seven Cities of Gold but found the Grand Canyon instead

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22
Q

Juan Ponce de Leon

A

Spanish Explorer who discovered and named Florida while searching for the “Fountain of Youth”

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23
Q

St. Augustine

A

1st colony in Florida set up by Spain

24
Q

Hernando de Soto

A

Spanish explorer who discovered and claimed the Mississippi River for Spain

25
Q

Philip II

A

Spanish Catholic king who crushed Protestantism

26
Q

Sir Fancis Drake

A
  • Sea Dog

- Defeated the Spanish Armada

27
Q

Elizabeth I

A

English Queen and politique who united Protestants and Catholics through compromise

28
Q

Sea Dogs

A

English pirates

29
Q

Spanish Armada

A

The great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588
defeated by Sir Francis Drake

30
Q

Walter Raleigh

A

Landed in Virginia and settled on Roanoke Island

31
Q

Roanoke Island

A

Island colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580s

32
Q

Lost Colony

A

Roanoke Island

33
Q

New France

A

Canada

34
Q

Henry Hudson

A

discovered and claimed New Netherlands for the Dutch

35
Q

New Netherland

A

New York

36
Q

What European nation discovered a sea route to Asia?

A

Portugal

37
Q

What movement in the 1500s was caused by Europe’s rediscovery of the Biblical truth?

A

Protestant Reformation

38
Q

What merchants controlled the overland routes to Asia threatening safety and leading to Europeans looking for another way to the East?

A

Muslim

39
Q

What monarch sponsored Columbus’ first expedition?

A

Isabella

40
Q

The most significant fact about John Cabot’s voyages was that he

A

Claimed land in North America for England

41
Q

Magellan

A

was killed in the Philippines

42
Q

How did the Protestant Reformation encourage settlement of the New World?

A

Protestants went to the New World to escape from persecution

43
Q

During the 16th century, which country dominated exploration of the New World?

A

Spain

44
Q

The Aztecs were a highly civilized Indian culture in

A

Mexico

45
Q

The Indian population in the New World dropped from 50M to 4M in about one century primarily because of

A

Diseases brought by Europeans

46
Q

In 1493 Pope Alexander VI divided the world for purposes of settlement and exploration between Portugal and

A

Spain

47
Q

The defeat of the Spanish Armada did not bring an end to

A

The power of the Roman Catholic Church

48
Q

What was the dividing line Pope Alexander VI drew up to separate the exploration of the world between Spain and Portugal?

A

Line of Demarcation

49
Q

What early Native American tribe lived in caves along the rims and ledges of canyons of the southwest United States?

A

Pueblo Indians

50
Q

What did the French call their colony in Canada?

A

New France

51
Q

What important river did Hernando de Soto discover?

A

Mississippi River

52
Q

Spanish settlers in the New World practiced what religion?

A

Roman Catholicism

53
Q

For whom was the New World named?

A

Amerigo Vespucci

54
Q

The famous work Description of the World was about whose adventures?

A

Marco Polo

55
Q

What title was given to the daring Spanish soldiers/explorers?

A

Conquistadors

US History (5 decks)

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