U.S. Colombian Policy

Question 1

history of 2-party rule between

Answer 1

liberals and conservatists (did not get along)

Question 2

divided liberal party led to

Answer 2

radical constitutional changes that allowed conservs party to win in 1856.

Question 3

U.S. more on line with liberals and framed

Answer 3

the constitution

Question 4

Six civil wares in the 19th century leading to

Answer 4

conservatives ruling from 1850 to 1930.

Question 5

liberal party finally takes over in

Answer 5

1930s Great Depression

Question 6

Libs want states to play an active role in

Answer 6

weddings, divorce, education

all of this was mainly under the church

Question 7

La Violencia

Answer 7

brutal civil war with 140,000 deaths

breakdown oligarchic democracy

divided liberal party

Question 8

End of La Violencia

Answer 8

Military takes over after brutal 4 year civil war

Question 9

Military takeover exposes

Answer 9

their corruption, showing civilians they dont want to go back to military rule. United in terms of hating the military.

Question 10

National Front - Bipartisan Rule (1958-1974/86)

Answer 10

solution after taking military + Rojas

Question 11

The lack of allowance for new political parties lead to

Answer 11

Guerrillas + FARC, who would revolt against the system
viewing them as sterile elections - lower vote turnout

Question 12

Pros of National Front - Bipartisan Rule (1958-1974/86)

Answer 12

Rapid modernization, better economically, growth of state (World Back & Alliance for Progress), migration from rural to cities, economic diversification (minimal ISI policies)

Question 13

Cons of National Front - Bipartisan Rule (1958-1974/86)

Answer 13

low political turnout + lack of policy innovation. difficult to compromise to reach 2/3 vote requirement
Guerrilla movements (esp FARC)
civil war in 1960s between gov and guerillas
with a role for drugs

Question 14

U.S. & Columbia: Evolution of Policy

Answer 14

Teddy Roosevelt blocks Columbian troops from getting into Panama, supporting the revolt for independence in Panama bc Columbia would not ratify the treaty to build the Panama Canal.

Question 15

Thomson - Urrutia Treaty 1921

Answer 15

Gift from US to Columbia to mend fences for taking control of canal

Question 16

Strains in US Columbian Relations

Answer 16

Columbian drugs (producing billions of dollars to the economy)

Question 17

FARC conflict

Answer 17

kidnapping, ransom, assassinations, want to collect 15% of taxed form landowners and farmers. Landowners and Farmers don’t wat to pay, so they hire paramilitary to defend them.

Question 18

End of Cold War and Political Constituents

Answer 18

Change in priorities from communism to drug war (problems at home)

Offering countries for Drug (de)certification, will cut off US funds from other countries not fighting the war on drugs.

Columbian drug traffickers attack and assassinated the likely political winner that year as well as Supreme Court judges to avoid prosecution + intimidation

Question 19

1994 wins election: Samper

Tape Proceso 8000

Answer 19

Find out that Samper accpeted 7 million contribution from cartel. CLinton admin finds out and decertify Columbia in 1996.

Samper also didn’t support Faceless Judges.