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History Vietnam > US And Vietcong Tactics (Nature Of Conflict) > Flashcards

US And Vietcong Tactics (Nature Of Conflict) Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Kennedy use in the war against the North?

A

Chemical weapons.

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2
Q

What chemical weapons did Kennedy use against the North Vietnamese?

A

Herbicides. These were used to kill both jungle plants and crops in the farmland near villages.

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3
Q

Why were herbicides used?

A

To make VC bases easier to find and kill crops so VC couldn’t get food.

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4
Q

What was the defoliation programme called?

A

Operation Ranch Hand.

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5
Q

Where did most chemicals be sprayed?

A

Ho Chi Minh Trail.

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7
Q

How did using chemicals affect US support?

A

The chemicals harmed ordinary villagers and their homes when bombed. This didn’t help US gain support from villagers.

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9
Q

What was the main US counter-insurgency tactic against VC?

A

‘Search and Destroy’ missions.

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10
Q

How did operation Rolling Thunder affect Ho Chi Minh Trail?

A

Bombing caused significant damage to roads and bridges on the trail.

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11
Q

What did the VC/North do after bombing of Ho Hi Minh trail?

A

Thousand of VC/North Vietnamese constantly repaired trail. More supplies went along trail than ever. Tunnels developed to protect soldiers and supplies.

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12
Q

What was Rolling Thunder?

A

A bombing campaign over North Vietnam. The military wanted immediate bombing all over North Vietnam, but Kennedy ignored. He started slow and targeted certain areas.

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13
Q

What did Rolling Thunder target?

A

The Ho Chi Minh trail, to stop supplies being taken South.

Industry in North Vietnam.

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14
Q

What did the planes in Rolling Thunder drop other than bombs?

A

Napalm: slow-burning petrol mixture that, sticks to skin and burn through to bone. Pineapple bombs: canister explodes and shoots pellets everywhere, like bullets.

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15
Q

Why did the Vietcong fight using guerrilla tactics?

A

VC were well less armed than ARVN but turned into an advantage. They fought a guerrilla war putting ARVN at a disadvantage.

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16
Q

Why did guerrilla warfare help VC?

A

The VC were now hidden in plain sight, anyone could be a member of VC.

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17
Q

How where the VC tunnels built?

A

Just outside of Saigon, the VC built almost 100 miles of tunnels, on several levels. Connecting to villages.

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18
Q

What did the tunnels contain?

A

Hospitals, weapon and fuel areas and living space.

19
Q

What tactics did US use against VC tunnels?

A

Tunnel rats- troops who were small enough and went down to fight VC/collapse tunnels.

20
Q

What were search and destroy missions?

A

Small units of US soldiers search jungle for VC bases.Then calling for chemicals/bombs to be placed.

21
Q

Why were ‘search and destroy’ missions not significant?

A

Even though they killed many more VC and took weapons, the VC weren’t counting bodies/weapons. On US left area the VC would soon move in.

22
Q

What was Tet Offensive?

A

Series of attacks from VC/North Vietnam on 26 cities and US bases in South Vietnam.

23
Q

When did the Tet Offensive attacks occur?

A

Began on Tet Lunar New Year. In 1968 the event was on 30th January. Many ARVN were off duty as usually there is a ceasefire.

24
Q

What did VC/North fo to catch US/ARVN off guard?

A

Attacked areas in South Vietnam to lure troops from cities/bases.

25
Q

What was attacked in Tet Offensive?

A

In Saigon, North Vietnamese troops and VC got into US embassy, Presidential Palace, ARVN headquarters, radio station and airport

26
Q

What was US publics reaction to Tet Offensive?

A

Sight of VC in US embassy was a huge shock as they were told US were winning the war.

27
Q

What was the scale of Tet Offensive?

A

Were on huge scale: 84,000 communist troops took part.

28
Q

What happened after Tet Offensive?

A

US and ARVN troops managed to recapture most cities and bases quickly.

29
Q

How did the Tet Offensive affect North Vietnam?

A

Expected a South Vietnamese revolution, but didn’t happen. They suffered very heavy losses- VC were almost wiped out.

30
Q

What were the results of the Tet Offensive?

A

Could be argued communists failed, but gained huge propaganda victory. Despite US victory on ground, the American public saw Tet as a humiliating defeat.

History Vietnam (6 decks)

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