URTI Flashcards
main cause of acute epiglottitis
H. Influenza
MCC of cold
human rhinovirus
MCC of bronchiolitis
RSV
main risk factor for bronchiolitis/RSV
premature birth
tx of RSV
ribaviran
main prophylaxis for RSV?
palivizumab, Only used in children w/underlying heart or lung conditions
MCC otitis media
S. Pneumonia
H Influenza
AOM facts
Hearing is effected if the ear drum perforates
Repeated middle ear infections predisposes meningitis
DOT for AOM
PCN based therapies
prevention of AOM
Conjugate pneumococcal and Haemophilus vaccination
most commonly infected sinus?
Maxillary is most commonly infected because it drains antigravity, duration of ABX is longer
acute bacterial rhinosinusitis symptoms
- symptoms>10 days
- unilateral purulent discharge
acute pharyngitis is caused by
group A beta hemolytic strep pyogenes
acute pharyngitis triad
fever, sore throat and pharyngeal inflammation
also no cough
what can cause white exudates in the throat?
EBV, lymphoma, diptheriae, and strep can cause this
diptheria can result in
cardiomyopathy
diptheria tx
-Antitoxin- given in all cases when diptheria suspected. Toxin neutralization (exotoxin) is the most important antibiotics – Azithromycin or Clarithromycin
MCC viral pneumonia in adults?
influenza
how does flu vaccine work?
neuraminidase, prevents virus from spreading
dx and tx of flu?
influenza A and B antigen
oseltamavir, safe for pregnancy, 75 mg/5 days….prophylaxis for 10 days
complications of flu
reye syndrome
guillain-barre syndrome
both common in children
egg free influenza vaccine
trivalent, recombinant flu vaccine
Pertussis
Barking cough for 2-8 weeks resulting in vomiting
Highly contagious
Causes lymphocytosis (instead of neutrophil increase)
reservoir is humans
DOC for pertussis
macrolides
