URTI

Question 1

main cause of acute epiglottitis

Answer 1

H. Influenza

Question 2

MCC of cold

Answer 2

human rhinovirus

Question 3

MCC of bronchiolitis

Answer 3

RSV

Question 4

main risk factor for bronchiolitis/RSV

Answer 4

premature birth

Question 5

tx of RSV

Answer 5

ribaviran

Question 6

main prophylaxis for RSV?

Answer 6

palivizumab, Only used in children w/underlying heart or lung conditions

Question 7

MCC otitis media

Answer 7

S. Pneumonia

H Influenza

Question 8

AOM facts

Answer 8

Hearing is effected if the ear drum perforates

Repeated middle ear infections predisposes meningitis

Question 9

DOT for AOM

Answer 9

PCN based therapies

Question 10

prevention of AOM

Answer 10

Conjugate pneumococcal and Haemophilus vaccination

Question 11

most commonly infected sinus?

Answer 11

Maxillary is most commonly infected because it drains antigravity, duration of ABX is longer

Question 12

acute bacterial rhinosinusitis symptoms

Answer 12

• symptoms>10 days

- unilateral purulent discharge

Question 13

acute pharyngitis is caused by

Answer 13

group A beta hemolytic strep pyogenes

Question 14

acute pharyngitis triad

Answer 14

fever, sore throat and pharyngeal inflammation

also no cough

Question 15

what can cause white exudates in the throat?

Answer 15

EBV, lymphoma, diptheriae, and strep can cause this

Question 16

diptheria can result in

Answer 16

cardiomyopathy

Question 17

diptheria tx

Answer 17

-Antitoxin- given in all cases when diptheria suspected. Toxin neutralization (exotoxin) is the most important antibiotics – Azithromycin or Clarithromycin

Question 18

MCC viral pneumonia in adults?

Answer 18

influenza

Question 19

how does flu vaccine work?

Answer 19

neuraminidase, prevents virus from spreading

Question 20

dx and tx of flu?

Answer 20

influenza A and B antigen

oseltamavir, safe for pregnancy, 75 mg/5 days….prophylaxis for 10 days

Question 21

complications of flu

Answer 21

reye syndrome
guillain-barre syndrome
both common in children

Question 22

egg free influenza vaccine

Answer 22

trivalent, recombinant flu vaccine

Question 23

Pertussis

Answer 23

Barking cough for 2-8 weeks resulting in vomiting
Highly contagious
Causes lymphocytosis (instead of neutrophil increase)
reservoir is humans

Question 24

DOC for pertussis

Answer 24

macrolides

Question 25

2 pneumococcal vaccines

Answer 25

23 polyvalent vaccine [PPSV 23]

13 Valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV 13 , Prevnar 13]