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Paediatrics > Urology > Flashcards

Urology Flashcards

1
Q

groin swelling made by?

A

processus vaginalis

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2
Q

hydrocele presentation and management?

A

scrotal swelling
painless
bluish colour

conservative until 5yrs

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3
Q

absolute indication for circumcision?

A

Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans (BXO)

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4
Q

why investigate UTI?

A

prevent renal scarring

prevent HT

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5
Q

assessment of UTI?

A

history and examination
US
renography
micturating cystourethrogram

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6
Q

management of VUR?

A

conservative
antibiotic prophylaxis
STING (submucosal tephlon injection)
ureteric reimplantation

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7
Q

what does proteinuria signify?

A

glomerular injury

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8
Q

what are typical features in nephrotic syndrome?

A

1-10y
normal BP
normal renal function
no frank haematuria

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9
Q

nephrotic syndrome treatment?

A

prednisolone 8 weeks

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10
Q

side effects from high dose glucocorticoids?

A

GI
Glucose Intolerance
Hypertension
Growth

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11
Q

what bacteria in acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis?

A

Group A Strep

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12
Q

what important test in PIGN?

A

blood culture

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13
Q

treatment for PIGN? outcome?

A

antibiotics
support the 5 renal functions
self-limiting

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14
Q

what is the most common glomerulonephritis?

A

IgA nephropathy

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15
Q

what is typical in the lead to IgA nephropathy?

A

1-2 days after URTI

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16
Q

IgA nephropathy diagnosis?

A

clinical picture

confirmation biopsy

17
Q

IgA nephropathy treatment?

A

mild - ACEi

severe - immunosuppression

18
Q

what type of condition is minimal change disease? treatment?

A

nephrotic syndrome

glucocorticoids

19
Q

3 signs in acute renal failure?

A

anuria/oliguria
hypertension with fluid overload
rise in plasma creatinine

20
Q

3 M’s in AKI management?

A

Monitor
Maintain
Minimise

21
Q

what is the major cause of HUS?

A

entero-haemorrhagic e.coli

22
Q

HUS triad?

A

haemolytic anaemia
thrombocytopenia
AKI/Renal failure

23
Q

treatment for HUS?

A

Monitor
Maintain
Minimise

Paediatrics (15 decks)

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