Urological Medications

Question 1

Mechanism of action of Alpha blockers?

Answer 1

Inhibits the alpha 1 - adrenoceptor, which is mainly found in the smooth cells in places such as blood vessels and the urinary tract.
Inhibiting the receptor induces relaxation, causing vasodilation- fall in blood pressure.

Question 2

Mechanism of action of Anti-muscarinics (oxybutyin)?

Answer 2

Acts to relax the bladder by inhibiting the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle.

Question 3

Mechanism of action of Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (sildenafil)

Answer 3

Increases cGMP concentration in the penis,

Question 4

Who do you avoid giving alpha blockers to?

Answer 4

Ptx with existing postural hypotension.
Ptx undergoing cataract surgery.

Question 5

Adverse effects of alpha blockers?

Answer 5

Postural hypotension, dizziness and syncope.

Tamsulosin is associated with intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS), an important risk factor for complications during cataract surgery.

Question 6

Which of the following medications should be avoided during cataract surgery?

Answer 6

Tamsulosin is associated with intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS), an important risk factor for complications during cataract surgery.

Question 7

Which of the following medications does the following advice relate to?

“Women of childbearing potential should avoid handling crushed or broken tablets”.

Answer 7

There is evidence to suggest that Finasteride may affect the development of a fetus in pregnant women. The medication has been shown to cross the placental barrier and can potentially harm the development of the fetus.

There have also been cases of birth defects reported in children whose mothers were exposed to Finasteride during pregnancy. For these reasons, it is important to use condoms when having sex and make sure the tablets never come into contact with the mother as the drug can be absorbed through the skin.

Question 8

Which of the following medications must not be prescribed to patients using sildenafil?

Answer 8

Nicorandil is predicted to increase the risk of severe hypotension when given with Sildenafil. Manufacturer advises avoid.

Question 9

What is the mechanism of action of oxybutynin?

Answer 9

Acts to relax the bladder by inhibiting the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle.

Question 10

Which of the following medications can be used in both the management of hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 10

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: If the man has moderate-to-severe voiding symptoms (which would correspond to an International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] of 8 or more), offer an alpha-blocker (alfuzosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, or terazosin).

Once-daily doxazosin and terazosin are recommended alpha-blocker drug options as 4th line options for the management of hypertension.

Question 11

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors drugs are…

Answer 11

Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil

Question 12

Alpha Blocker drugs are..

Answer 12

Tamsulosin, Doxazosin, Alfuzosin

Question 13

Anti-muscarinic of Genitourinary usage drugs are..

Answer 13

Oxybutynin, Tolterodine, Solifenacin

Question 14

5 Alpha reductase drugs are..

Answer 14

finasteride, dutasteride

Question 15

What drug should you be aware giving to in elderly ptxs?

Answer 15

Muscarinic Antagonists (e.g. Oxybutynin)
Use lower dose or switch to miragabelon