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Urology > Urologic Imaging > Flashcards

Urologic Imaging Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What does KUB stand for?
  2. What kind of imaging and where?
  3. Used to identify what?
  4. Helps assess what in pediatric patients?
  5. Advantage?
A
  1. Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB)
  2. Plain frontal supine radiograph of the abdomen
  3. Used to identify stones
  4. Helps to assess constipation in pediatric patients
  5. Inexpensive
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2
Q

IVP

  1. X-ray done with intravenous contrast to look at the what? 3
  2. Used for: ? 5
A
  1. kidneys, ureters, and bladder

2.

  • Abdominal injury
  • Bladder and kidney infections
  • Hematuria
  • Flank pain
  • Tumors
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3
Q
  1. IVP: risk?
  2. Patient will void when? 2
  3. A series of images will be taken at various time to look at what?
  4. What has replaced traditional IVP?
A
  1. Risk: Allergic reaction
  2. Patient will void before and after the study
  3. A series of images will be taken at various times to look at filtration
  4. CT IVP has replaced traditional IVP
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4
Q

Ultrasound options? 3

A
  1. Renal
  2. Scrotal
  3. Prostate
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5
Q

Renal ultrasound indications? 6

A

Renal

  1. The size of the kidneys
  2. Signs of injury to the kidneys
  3. Abnormalities present at birth
  4. Presence of blockage or kidney stones
  5. Complications of a urinary tract infection
  6. Cysts or tumors
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6
Q

Scrotal Ultrasound indications?

5

A

Scrotal

  1. Looks at the size of the testicles
  2. To evaluate a mass or lump (cystic vs solid)
  3. Find a reason for pain
  4. Look at blood flow to the testicles
  5. Look for the location of undescended testis
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7
Q

Prostate Ultrasound: Trans-Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS)

Used for what?

5

A
  1. Detect disorders within the prostate
  2. Measure the prostate
  3. Help diagnose the cause of a man’s infertility
  4. Evaluate prostate nodules: Needle biopsies
  5. Placement of needles for radiation
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8
Q

VOIDING CYSTOURETHROGRAM (VCUG)

  1. What is it?
  2. Main indication for test?
  3. Other indications for test? 3
A
  1. An x-ray study of the bladder using fluoroscopy and contrast material
  2. Used to check for vesicoureteral reflux after a UTI
  3. Other reasons
    - Bladder obstruction
    - Abnormal urination with very high pressure within the bladder
    - Incomplete bladder emptying
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9
Q

RETROGRADE URETHROGRAM (RUG)

  1. More common in which pts?
  2. Helps diagnose what?
  3. Also used for? 3
A
  1. More commonly in male patients
  2. Helps diagnose urethral pathology from trauma or urethral strictures

3.

  • Done for pre and post-op reconstruction of the urethra
  • Can help identify urethral diverticulum and
  • fistulas
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10
Q

What is the gold standard to detect stones?

A

CT scan

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11
Q

Renal Stone CT Scan

  1. Contrast?
  2. Detects what?
  3. Gives what information about the stone? 3
A
  1. No contrast dye is used
  2. Detects all types of stones
  3. Gives the exact
    - shape,
    - size, and
    - location of the stone
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12
Q

Drawbacks of Renal Stone CT scan? 2

A

Drawbacks

  • Radiation exposure
  • cost
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13
Q

IVP

  1. Contrast?
  2. Evaluates what? 3
  3. Used for causes of what?
  4. Identifies what better than CT without contrast?
A

IVP

  1. Uses IV contrast dye
  2. Evaluates the
    - collecting system,
    - ureters
    - bladder
  3. Used for causes of hematuria
  4. renal tumors
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14
Q

CT SCAN IVP

Drawbacks? 4

A
  1. Radiation exposure
  2. Cost
  3. Allergy to contrast dyes
  4. Renal disease
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15
Q

RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING: Renal Scan

  1. Uses two different radiopharmaceutical?
  2. Looks at what? 3
  3. Used mainly by Urologist to evaluate what?
A

1.

  • DTPA
  • MAG3

2.

  • blood supply,
  • function, and
  • excretion of urine from the kidney
    3. hydronephrosis
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16
Q

Radionuclide Imaging: Renal Scan

  1. Benefits? 2
  2. Risk? 2
A

Renal Scan

  1. Benefits
    - Provides information unattainable by other imaging
    - Helps with diagnosis and management
  2. Risk
    - Low radiation exposure
    - Allergic reactions
17
Q

MRI: Prostate?

  1. Used maninly for what?
  2. Helps determine what?
  3. Helps in planning what?
A

Prostate

  1. Used mainly for prostate cancer
  2. Helps determine extent of spread of the cancer
  3. Helps in planning radiotherapy for prostate cancer

Urology (12 decks)

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