Urogenital tract

Question 1

What species has ampulla glands

Answer 1

dog, horse, ox

Question 2

Which species has Bulbourethral glands

Answer 2

cat, pig, ox, horse,

Question 3

Which species has vesicular glands

Answer 3

pig, ox, horse

Question 4

Which species has prostate glands

Answer 4

all! cat, dog, pig, horse, ox

Question 5

Which species has all 4 (prostate, vesicular, Bulbourethral, and ampulla) glands

Answer 5

horse and ox

Question 6

Blood supply of the testis

Answer 6

Testicular artery

Question 7

What is the pampiniform plexus

Answer 7

ultimately reduced a single vein (testicular v) which drains into the caudal vena cava

Question 8

Function of the pampiniform plexus

Answer 8

contact between the vessels within the spermatic cord cools the blood within the artery on its descent to the testis

Question 9

Ruminant site of ejaculation:

Answer 9

Intravaginal around the cervical os

Question 10

Consistency of semen in ruminants:

Answer 10

low volume but dense semen so high density ejaculate

Question 11

Stallion/Boar site of ejaculation:

Answer 11

intrauterine into the uterine body

Question 12

Consistency of semen in stallion/boar:

Answer 12

high volume, but low density of fractionated ejaculate

Question 13

Dog site of ejaculation:

Answer 13

intravaginal

Question 14

Consistency of semen in dogs:

Answer 14

high volume, low density of fractioned ejaculates

Question 15

flaccid state is dominated by ____ system

Answer 15

sympathetic

Question 16

erect state is dominated by _____ system

Answer 16

parasympathetic

Question 17

what state are you in there is relaxation of smooth muscles of blood vessels in CCP

Answer 17

Erect state (positive feedback)

Question 18

once there is relaxation of smooth muscles of blood vessels in CCP what happens next?

Answer 18

increased blood flow to CCP causing a positive feedback mechanism

Question 19

once there there is increased blood flow to CCP what happens next?

Answer 19

contraction of skeletal muscle of root of penis

Question 20

once there is contraction of skeletal muscle of root of penis what happens next?

Answer 20

occlusion of veins of CCP so increased blood pumped into CCP

Question 21

once occlusion of veins of CCP so increased blood pumped into CCP what happens next?

Answer 21

swelling and tugar of penis

Question 22

the crura become the ____

Answer 22

corpus cavernosum

Question 23

which species has a fibroelectric penis?

Answer 23

bull and boar

Question 24

which species has a musculocavernous penis?

Answer 24

stallion and dog

Question 25

List the characteristics of a fibroelastric penis:

Answer 25

- small blood spaces - thick and tough connective tissue - little blood to become erect - sigmoid flexure straightens (s shaped flexure)

Question 26

List the characteristics of a musculocavernous penis?

Answer 26

- larger blood spaces - more muscular septa - more blood to become erected - changes in length and girth

Question 27

which species has the most developed glans?

Answer 27

horse

Question 28

which species has the least developed glans?

Answer 28

pig

Question 29

Urethral process in small ruminants predispose them to?

Answer 29

urethral blockage

Question 30

____ urethral process in stallions

Answer 30

small

Question 31

what are the 3 components of the penis?

Answer 31

2 crura of the penis, corpus cavernosum, and corpus spongiosum

Question 32

T/F The corpus cavernosum does not extend to the tip of the penis

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

The corpus cavernosum is surrounded by what tunica?

Answer 33

albuginea

Question 34

corpus spongiosum is a continuation of ______ in pelvic urethra

Answer 34

spongy tissue

Question 35

in ruminants, the uterus slips deep into the abdomen at ___ months

Answer 35

five

Question 36

T/F ruminants have a fixed cervix 5 months after pregnancy?

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

which 2 areas need to be dissected during open castration

Answer 37

visceral layer of vaginal tunic and parietal layer of vaginal tunic

Question 38

which 2 areas need to be dissected during closed castration

Answer 38

parietal layer of vaginal tunic and external spermatic fascia

Question 39

what two things do the epididymis attach to?

Answer 39

- proper ligament of the testes | - ligament of the tail of the epididymis

Question 40

the spermatic cord extends between the ___ and ____

Answer 40

testes and pelvic cavity

Question 41

what 4 structures does the spermatic cord enclose?

Answer 41

- deferent duct - testicular artery - testicular vein - testicular nerves and lymph vessels

Question 42

what factors influence theromregulation in the testes?

Answer 42

- cremaster muscle to pull up the testicles - lack of fat under the scrotum - sweat glands - pampiniform plexus - tunica dartos - scrotal testes

Question 43

Herniation is common/uncommon in boars and stallions?

Answer 43

common

Question 44

Why is herniation common in boars and stallions?

Answer 44

- wide internal vaginal ring | - wide inguinal canal

Question 45

temperature in testicles in cooler or warmer than the rest of the body?

Answer 45

cooler--33C

Question 46

Position of the scrotum in the tomcat/boar/llamas

Answer 46

perineal (just below the tail)

Question 47

Position of the scrotum in the stallion/dog

Answer 47

intermediate

Question 48

Posirion of the scrotum in ruminants

Answer 48

inguinal (hanging between the legs)