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DPT 763 - Differential Diagnosis > Urogenital Disease > Flashcards

Urogenital Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

A
  • low back pain
  • low-grade fever
  • mental status changes
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • loss of appetite
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2
Q

What are the risk factors for a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

A

Diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, immobility, reduced fluid intake.

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3
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of bladder cancer?

A

Hematuria, pain during urination, urinary urgency, and abdominal lump/mass.

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4
Q

What are the risk factors for bladder cancer?

A

Age > 40, tobacco use, occupational exposure, race, sex (males > females).

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5
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of renal cancer?

A

Flank pain, blood in the urine, pain during urination, urinary urgency.

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6
Q

What are the risk factors for renal cancer?

A

Age > 40, smoking, obesity, hypertension, long-term dialysis.

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7
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer?

A

Back pain, symptoms of metastatic disease, urinary symptoms.

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8
Q

What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?

A

Age > 65, family history, African-American ethnicity.

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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of testicular cancer?

A

Low back pain, signs of metastasis, may be asymptomatic.

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10
Q

What are the risk factors for testicular cancer?

A

Family history, HIV infection, prior testicular cancer, age, ethnicity, height.

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11
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?

A

Nocturia, dysuria, weak urine stream, hip/thigh pain, lower abdominal discomfort.

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12
Q

What are the risk factors for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?

A

Men over age 50, shifts in cell turnover leading to prostate enlargement.

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13
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of prostatitis?

A

Sudden fever, chills, malaise, testicular pain, low back pain, sexual dysfunction.

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14
Q

What are the risk factors for prostatitis?

A

Recent infection, prostate infection, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

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15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of interstitial cystitis (IC)?

A

Severe bladder pain, urinary frequency up to 60 times a day.

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16
Q

What are the risk factors for interstitial cystitis (IC)?

A

Female predominance, no definitive known cause, possibly autoimmune.

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17
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of end-stage renal failure (ESRD)?

A

Cramping, paresthesias, restless legs, electrolyte imbalances, depression.

18
Q

What are the risk factors for end-stage renal failure (ESRD)?

A

Diabetic nephropathy, long-term NSAID use, hypertension, kidney disease.

19
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of stress incontinence?

A

Involuntary leakage of urine during activities like coughing, sneezing, laughing.

20
Q

What are the risk factors for stress incontinence?

A

Weak pelvic floor muscles, childbirth, obesity, aging.

21
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of urge incontinence?

A

Sudden urge to urinate, unable to hold it.

22
Q

What are the risk factors for urge incontinence?

A

Bladder infections, medications, neurological diseases, idiopathic.

23
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of overflow incontinence?

A

Overdistention of the bladder, difficulty with emptying.

24
Q

What are the risk factors for overflow incontinence?

A

Bladder obstruction, neurological conditions.

25
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of functional incontinence?

A

Incontinence due to mobility limitations or environmental factors.

26
Q

What are the risk factors for functional incontinence?

A

Mobility deficits, neurological disorders, access barriers.

27
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of pseudorenal pain?

A

Radiating pain to the lower abdomen, movement-related, no fever or associated symptoms.

28
Q

What are the risk factors for pseudorenal pain?

A

History of injury (fall, lifting), T10-T12 radiculitis or costal nerve irritation.

29
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of obstructive urogenital disorders?

A

Flank pain, changes in urination, groin pain, abdominal muscle spasms.

30
Q

What are the risk factors for obstructive urogenital disorders?

A

Kidney stones, tumors, prostate enlargement, family history of urinary tract issues.

31
Q

What are the general risk factors for urogenital diseases?

A

Increasing age (> 60 years), diabetes mellitus, family history of kidney or autoimmune disease, exposure to chemicals.

32
Q

What is Murphy’s Percussion Test used for?

A

A physical test to assess for renal pain by striking the back near the kidneys; a positive test indicates kidney inflammation.

33
Q

What is pseudorenal pain and how can it be differentiated from true renal pain?

A

Radiating pain to the abdomen, typically movement-related; pseudorenal pain is not associated with urinary symptoms.

34
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections in older adults?

A

Low-grade fever, back pain, mental status changes, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort.

35
Q

What are the most common signs of prostate cancer metastasis?

A

Back pain, pelvic pain, and urinary symptoms. In advanced cases, metastasis to bone and other organs.

36
Q

What are the four main categories of urogenital disorders?

A

Inflammatory/Infectious, Obstructive, Failure, Cancer.

37
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of bladder pain?

A

Pain associated with urination or a persistent feeling of bladder fullness or urgency.

38
Q

What is the clinical significance of hematuria?

A

Presence of blood in the urine, indicating possible kidney stones, infection, or cancer.

39
Q

What are the general risk factors for bladder cancer?

A

Age > 40, tobacco use, occupational exposure, recurrent bladder infections.

40
Q

What is the typical presentation of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?

A

Urinary frequency, weak urine stream, lower abdominal discomfort, hip or thigh pain.

DPT 763 - Differential Diagnosis (15 decks)

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