Urine Flashcards
Urinary system filters __ of blood daily
200L
Urinary system regulates __
Volume and chemical makeup of blood
Urinary system maintains __
Proper balance between water,salts,acids, and bases
During prolonged fasting of urinary system is called
Gluconeogenesis
Urinary system produces ___ and it helps to __
Renin , helps regulate blood pressure and stimulate RBC production
Urinary system activates __
Vitamin D
Organs of the urinary system
2 kidneys
2 ureters
1urinary bladder
1urethra
The ____ is the large fat pad that surrounds the kidney in the posterior region of the abdominal cavity
Perirenal fat capsule
Approximately ___ of systemic cardiac output flows through the kidneys each minute
1200ml
Nephron
Structural and function unit of the kidney
A tuft of capillaries associated with a renal tubule
Glomerulus
Blind , cupshape end of renal tubule that completely surrounds the glomerulus
Glomerular (bowman’s) capsule
Two types of nephrons
Cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons
Have short nephrons loops
Cortical nephrons
Glomerulus is further away from cortex medulla junction of the kidney
Cortical nephrons
Efferent arteriole supplies peritubular capillaries
Cortical nephrons
Have long nephron loops
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Glomerulus closer to cortex medulla junction
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Efferent arterioles supply the casa recta
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Feed the first capillary bed
Afferent arterioles
Glomerular filtration has ____ pressure
High , due to high resistant, and larger feeder diameter than drainer
In glomerular filtration __drain glomerulus
Efferent arterioles
In glomerular filtration ____ forces filtrate out of capillary bed into the capsule
High pressure
In glomerular filtration ___ function as blood pressure sensors in the walls of the afferent arterioles
Jaxtaglomerular cells
In tubular reabsorption ____ of reabsorbtion occurs from the proximal convoluted tubule
75-80%
Tubular reasportion reabsorbs into the __
Peritubular capillary bed
In tubular reasportion reabsorption depends on ___
Selective needs of the body
Passing urine
Micturition
____triggers micturition reflex
200-300ml
Capacity of holding urine
600-800ml
Every 24 hrs ___litters of blood is filigreed through kidneys
150-180L
Constituents of urine
Water , urea , sodium , potassium , phosphate , sulfate ions , creatinine , Utica acid
Characteristics of urine
Color is yellow
Odor is ammonia
PH slightly acidic
Kidney stone disease
Urolithiasis
Collect ducts of nephrons then dislodged and pass into urine
Urinary casts
