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BIO163L > Practicum 1 > Flashcards

Practicum 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Erythrocytes
Function:
What do they look like:

A

Function: transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

What do they look like:fully red, no nucleus, flattened bioconcave discs

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2
Q

2 types of Leukocytes

A

Granulocytes
Agranulocytes

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3
Q

List the granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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4
Q

Name
What does it look like
Function

A

Neutrophils

Multilobed

Destroys/removes bacteria

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5
Q

Name
What does it look like
Function

A

Esoinophil

Bilobed nucleus

Kills parasite worms, asthma, allergies

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6
Q

Name
What does it look like
Function

A

Basophil

Lobed nucleus

Released histamine for inflammation and contains heparin

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7
Q

Name
What does it look like
Function

A

Lymphocyte

Spherical/indented nucleus

Direct cell attack for immune response

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8
Q

Name
What does it look like
Function

A

Monocyte

U or kidney shaped nucleus

Develop into macrophages / phagocytic cells

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9
Q
A

Platelets

Fragments of megakaryocytes/ needed for blood clotting

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10
Q
A

Band

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11
Q

Blood clot formation and repair of injured tissues

A

Thrombocyte

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12
Q

Unformed elements
%

A

Thrombocytes -Plasma (nutrients , gases, hormones , waste )

55%

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13
Q

Formed elements
%

A

45%
Rbc(erythrocyte )
Buffy coat ( WBC- leukocytes ,thrombocytes-platelets )

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14
Q

Hematocrit equation

A

Hematocrit=fraction of RBC only
—————————
Total

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15
Q

Hematocrit equation helps to find ___

A

Red blood cell volume

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16
Q

Normal hematocrit ranges

A

Male : 40-54%
Female:37-47%

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17
Q

Glycolipids

A

Antigen

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18
Q

What are the glycolipids(antigens) for ABO blood type?

A

A (a antigen)
B (b antigen)
AB (a & b antigen)
O (nether A or B)

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19
Q

An individual will produce a ____ against an ______ not present in their own blood

A

Antibody, antigen

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20
Q

_______occurs when an antibody attacks it’s perspective antigen causing a _______

A

Agglutination , transfusion reaction

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21
Q

Rh blood groups examines the present of the _____ antigen

A

D

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22
Q

Rh____women who birth Rh___ children may form anti-Rh antibodies that attack RBC of subsequent Rh(+) offspring

A

Negative , positive ,

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23
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type A +
Antigen: A , D+
Antibody: B
Donate to: AB+, A+
Receive blood from: type O+, O-, A+,A-

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24
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

AB+
Antigen: AB, Rh +
Antibody: no antibodies
Donate to: AB+
Receive from: all blood types

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25
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type B+
Antigen: B, D+
Antibody: A
Donate to: B+, AB+
Receive from: B+, O+, O-

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26
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type O-
Antigen: no antigen
Antibody: A and B
Donate to: everyone
Receive from: O-

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27
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type O+
antigen: D+
antibody: A and B
Donate to: all positive antigens
Receive: O+ and O-

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28
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type A-
Antigen: A
Antibody: B
Donate to: A+, AB+, AB-,A-
Receive from: O-,A-

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29
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type B-
Antigen: B
Antibody: A
Donate to: B-,B+,AB+, AB-
Receive from: B-, O-

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30
Q

Blood type
Antigen present
Antibody present
Donate to ?
Receive from?

A

Type AB-
Antigen: A , B,
Antibody: non
Donate to: AB-,AB+
Receive: O-,AB-,A-,B-

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31
Q

Three layers of the heart

A

1.pericardium
2.myocardium
3.endocardium

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32
Q
A

pericardium

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33
Q
A

Myocardium

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34
Q
A

Endocardium

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35
Q
A

Brachiocephalic trunk

36
Q
A

Superior vena cava

37
Q
A

Right pulmonary artery

38
Q
A

Ascending Aorta

39
Q
A

Pulmonary trunk

40
Q
A

Right pulmonary vein

41
Q
A

Right atrium

42
Q
A

Right coronary artery

43
Q
A

Anterior cardiac vein

44
Q
A

Right ventricle

45
Q
A

Inferior vena cava

46
Q
A

Aortic arch

47
Q
A

Left pulmonary artery

48
Q
A

Left pulmonary veins

49
Q

I

A

Left atrium

50
Q
A

Left ventricle

51
Q
A

Apex

52
Q

2 chambers of the heart

A

Atria
Ventricles

53
Q

4 valves of the heart

A

Tricuspid
Bicuspid
Aortic
Pulmonary

54
Q

Atria and ventricles divide ___

A

Heart longitudinally

55
Q

Aortic valve separates

A

Left ventricle from aorta

56
Q

Tricuspid valve separates

A

Right atrium from right ventricle

57
Q

Pulmonary valve separate

A

Right ventricle from pulmonary artery

58
Q

Bicuspid valve sperates

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

59
Q

Bicuspid and tricuspid prevent

A

Backflip into atria

60
Q

Aortic and pulmonary prevent

A

Backflip from aorta

61
Q

S1

A

Tricuspid and biscupid valve closing

62
Q

S2

A

Aortic and pulmonary valve closing

63
Q

S3 and S4

A

Blood hitting ventricular wall

64
Q
A
65
Q

___number of pulmonary arteries and ____number of pulmonary veins

A

1,4

66
Q

What supplies the heart with nutrients

A

Coronary arteries

67
Q

Unique structure found in cardiac muscle , function

A

Intercalated discs
Hold and bind cardiac muscle cells ,

68
Q

How does intercalated discs hold and bind cells

A

Fascia , adherens, desmosomes

69
Q

Electrical pathway

A

SA(sinatrial node )
AV(atrioventricular node)
AV Bundles
Bundle branches
Prukinje fibers

70
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart

A

SA NODE

71
Q

What cases cells excitation

A

Gap junction

72
Q

Where is there a brief pause in the heart , why

A

AV NODE , Because impulses are conducted slowly through the AV node,

73
Q

P wave

A

Atrial depolarization

74
Q

QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarization

75
Q

T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization

76
Q

Three different types of blood vessels

A

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

77
Q

Arteries

A

Transport blood away from heart

78
Q

Capillaries

A

Smallest blood vessel

79
Q

Veins

A

Transport blood to the heart

80
Q

3 types of arteries

A

Elastic
Muscular
Arterioles

81
Q

Smallest veins

A

Venules

82
Q

Blood vessel layers

A

Tunica intima :single layer endothelium
Decrease blood flow / veins have valves , arteries have elastic lamina

Tunica media: smooth muscle and elastic fiber (regulate diameter of blood vessels ) larger in the artery

Tunica externa
Areolar or connective tissue
Support/ connect

83
Q

Do veins or arteries have high pressure

A

Arteries

84
Q

What special features do veins have to help them pump against gravity?

A

Larger lumen
One way values
Skeletal muscle pumps

85
Q

Palpitating pulse

A

BIO163L (4 decks)

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