Urinary Tract Infection Flashcards
What are the two types of UTI
Lower and Upper
What are the main symptomatic problems of LUTs
Storage and Voiding
What is the most common type of Upper UTI
Pyelonephritis
What are the main signs of Pyelonephritis
Loin Pain
Fever
N + V
What are the 5 main UTI organisms
KEEPS
- Klebsiella
- E Coli
- Enterococcus
- P Mirabillus
- S Sapro/ Epidermidis
What are the main causes of UTI (All obstructive)
BPH
Renal stones and tumours
Catheter
Sex
What will be found on a urine dipstick for UTI
Nitrites
Leukocytes
Protein
How can the organism be determined in UTI
Mid stream Urine samples (MCS)
- Microscopy
- Culture
- Sensitivity
Why is a midstream sample taken instead of normal urine smaple
To avoid penal and vaginal contamination as midstream is sterile
What would a microscopy show for UTI
Neutrophillia (Pus cells)
Pyuria
What is sensitivity of bacteria tested against
Certain Antibodies (Trimethoprim and Nitrofurontoin)
How do you treat uncomplicated UTI
Trimethoprim (Teratogenic so avoid in 1s semester)
Nitrofurontoin
How is Pyelonephritis investigated
Urine dipstick -Leukocytes -Protein -Nitrites MCS -M = Pyuria -C = KEEPS -S = Normal sensitivity to Abx
How is E Coli causing Pyelonephritis treated
Co-Amoxiclav/ Cefalexin
Why should microscopy avoided in patients with catheters
Catheters irritates bladder
Inflammation occurs
Neutrophils will be present regardless
