Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

renal final > Urinary tract and micturition > Flashcards

Urinary tract and micturition Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are apart of the upper urinary tract

A

calyces, pelvis, ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are of urinary tract controls voiding

A

the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What structures are apart of the upper urinary tract

A

calyces, pelvis, ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What structures are apart of the upper urinary tract

A

calyces, pelvis, ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the sphincters of the urethra

A

internal is involuntary- wall of bladder as narrows to urethra
external is voluntary- skeletal that wraps around exterior of urethra where if joins bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does bladder pain travel

A

anterolateral column via hypogastric plexus S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is bladder fullness sensed(nerves)

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the reflex arc for micturition

A

primary arc from bladder to bladder via sacral detrusor nucleus
secondary arc from urethra to voluntary sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do the parasympathetics do to bladder

A

stimulate detrusor, inhibit contraction of internal urethral sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do the sympathetics do to bladder

A

hypogastric nerve, it inhibits the detrusor constriction and constricts internal urethral sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

whare are the somatic nerves to bladder

A

pudendal that constrict external sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the micturition center located

A

pontine micturition center in the locus ceruleus of the pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

can the bladder overcome the micturition control center

A

yes, when it is so full

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the PANS and SANS activity on ureters

A

PANS stimulates increased perstaltic motions white SANS inhibits this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does a cystometrogram measure in bladder

A

The V/P in bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how does Volume and P change as the bladder fills

A

volume expands at a pretty constant pressure due to the elasticity of the bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens to the wall tension as the bladder fills

A

as radius increases, wall tension increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

when bladder stretch R are activate what happens

A

sensory information is sent to the sacral micturition center to activate PANS
higher centers in brainstem inhibit the PANS impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe when PANs inhibition is overridden

A

increased wall tension to a high frequency(around 400mL) and this inhibits the sacral micturition center and the PANS impulses are transmitted to stimulate contraction and inhibit contraction of internal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

After the urine enters the urethra what happens

A

sensory impulses from urethra to sacral cord inhibit the constriction of external sphincter and when time is right–> void

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how does the bladder completely empty while staying passive

A

the tension of the baldder wall declines as urine leaves–> maintains P with decrease in V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 4 basic abnormalities with micturition

A

atonic bladder
denervated bladder
autonomic bladder
uninhibited neurogenic bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an atonic bladder

A

stretch info is not transmitted, bladder contractions no longer initiated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what causes atonic bladder

A

destruction of sensory inputs from bladder to sacral cord (DM, syphilis, MS))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the long term result of atonic bladder
overflow incontinence, distended and thin-walled
26
what causes a denervated bladder
destruction of both afferent and efferent fibers between bladder and cord
27
what is the intial result of a denervated bladder and long term result
initial: detrusor mm contractions stop and bladder is flaccid and distended later: detrusor regains spontaneous activity; bladder shrinks and muscle wall hypertrophies
28
What causes an autonomic bladder
injury or severing of spinal cord above sacral region
29
What is the acute and chronic phase of an autonomic bladder
acute: spinal shock which temporarily suppresses micturition reflex reflex can gradually recover and become exaggerated leading to spasticity and all control by brain is lost
30
What is the cause of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
destruction of tracts carrying inhibitory impulses
31
what inputs are still in tact in an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
facilitatory (micturition control)
32
What is the net result of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
micturition activated with small amounts of urine | detrusor hypertrophies and the bladder capacity is reduced
33
What happends during an UTI
uninhibited contraction of detrusor muscle with facilitation of micturition reflex urinary frequency and leakage
34
what are of urinary tract controls voiding
the urethra
35
Describe the sphincters of the urethra
internal is involuntary- wall of bladder as narrows to urethra external is voluntary- skeletal that wraps around exterior of urethra where if joins bladder
36
Where does bladder pain travel
anterolateral column via hypogastric plexus S2-S4
37
where is bladder fullness sensed(nerves)
pelvic splanchnic nerves
38
describe the reflex arc for micturition
primary arc from bladder to bladder via sacral detrusor nucleus secondary arc from urethra to voluntary sphincter
39
What do the parasympathetics do to bladder
stimulate detrusor, inhibit contraction of internal urethral sphincter
40
what do the sympathetics do to bladder
hypogastric nerve, it inhibits the detrusor constriction and constricts internal urethral sphincter
41
whare are the somatic nerves to bladder
pudendal that constrict external sphincter
42
Where is the micturition center located
pontine micturition center in the locus ceruleus of the pons
43
can the bladder overcome the micturition control center
yes, when it is so full
44
What is the PANS and SANS activity on ureters
PANS stimulates increased perstaltic motions white SANS inhibits this
45
What does a cystometrogram measure in bladder
The V/P in bladder
46
how does Volume and P change as the bladder fills
volume expands at a pretty constant pressure due to the elasticity of the bladder
47
What happens to the wall tension as the bladder fills
as radius increases, wall tension increases
48
when bladder stretch R are activate what happens
sensory information is sent to the sacral micturition center to activate PANS higher centers in brainstem inhibit the PANS impulses
49
Describe when PANs inhibition is overridden
increased wall tension to a high frequency(around 400mL) and this inhibits the sacral micturition center and the PANS impulses are transmitted to stimulate contraction and inhibit contraction of internal sphincter
50
After the urine enters the urethra what happens
sensory impulses from urethra to sacral cord inhibit the constriction of external sphincter and when time is right--> void
51
how does the bladder completely empty while staying passive
the tension of the baldder wall declines as urine leaves--> maintains P with decrease in V
52
What are the 4 basic abnormalities with micturition
atonic bladder denervated bladder autonomic bladder uninhibited neurogenic bladder
53
What is an atonic bladder
stretch info is not transmitted, bladder contractions no longer initiated
54
what causes atonic bladder
destruction of sensory inputs from bladder to sacral cord (DM, syphilis, MS))
55
what is the long term result of atonic bladder
overflow incontinence, distended and thin-walled
56
what causes a denervated bladder
destruction of both afferent and efferent fibers between bladder and cord
57
what is the intial result of a denervated bladder and long term result
initial: detrusor mm contractions stop and bladder is flaccid and distended later: detrusor regains spontaneous activity; bladder shrinks and muscle wall hypertrophies
58
What causes an autonomic bladder
injury or severing of spinal cord above sacral region
59
What is the acute and chronic phase of an autonomic bladder
acute: spinal shock which temporarily suppresses micturition reflex reflex can gradually recover and become exaggerated leading to spasticity and all control by brain is lost
60
What is the cause of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
destruction of tracts carrying inhibitory impulses
61
what inputs are still in tact in an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
facilitatory (micturition control)
62
What is the net result of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
micturition activated with small amounts of urine | detrusor hypertrophies and the bladder capacity is reduced
63
What happens during an UTI
uninhibited contraction of detrusor muscle with facilitation of micturition reflex urinary frequency and leakage
64
what are of urinary tract controls voiding
the urethra
65
Describe the sphincters of the urethra
internal is involuntary- wall of bladder as narrows to urethra external is voluntary- skeletal that wraps around exterior of urethra where if joins bladder
66
Where does bladder pain travel
anterolateral column via hypogastric plexus S2-S4
67
where is bladder fullness sensed(nerves)
pelvic splanchnic nerves
68
describe the reflex arc for micturition
primary arc from bladder to bladder via sacral detrusor nucleus secondary arc from urethra to voluntary sphincter
69
What do the parasympathetics do to bladder
stimulate detrusor, inhibit contraction of internal urethral sphincter
70
what do the sympathetics do to bladder
hypogastric nerve, it inhibits the detrusor constriction and constricts internal urethral sphincter
71
whare are the somatic nerves to bladder
pudendal that constrict external sphincter
72
Where is the micturition center located
pontine micturition center in the locus ceruleus of the pons
73
can the bladder overcome the micturition control center
yes, when it is so full
74
What is the PANS and SANS activity on ureters
PANS stimulates increased perstaltic motions white SANS inhibits this
75
What does a cystometrogram measure in bladder
The V/P in bladder
76
how does Volume and P change as the bladder fills
volume expands at a pretty constant pressure due to the elasticity of the bladder
77
What happens to the wall tension as the bladder fills
as radius increases, wall tension increases
78
when bladder stretch R are activate what happens
sensory information is sent to the sacral micturition center to activate PANS higher centers in brainstem inhibit the PANS impulses
79
Describe when PANs inhibition is overridden
increased wall tension to a high frequency(around 400mL) and this inhibits the sacral micturition center and the PANS impulses are transmitted to stimulate contraction and inhibit contraction of internal sphincter
80
After the urine enters the urethra what happens
sensory impulses from urethra to sacral cord inhibit the constriction of external sphincter and when time is right--> void
81
how does the bladder completely empty while staying passive
the tension of the baldder wall declines as urine leaves--> maintains P with decrease in V
82
What are the 4 basic abnormalities with micturition
atonic bladder denervated bladder autonomic bladder uninhibited neurogenic bladder
83
What is an atonic bladder
stretch info is not transmitted, bladder contractions no longer initiated
84
what causes atonic bladder
destruction of sensory inputs from bladder to sacral cord (DM, syphilis, MS))
85
what is the long term result of atonic bladder
overflow incontinence, distended and thin-walled
86
what causes a denervated bladder
destruction of both afferent and efferent fibers between bladder and cord
87
what is the intial result of a denervated bladder and long term result
initial: detrusor mm contractions stop and bladder is flaccid and distended later: detrusor regains spontaneous activity; bladder shrinks and muscle wall hypertrophies
88
What causes an autonomic bladder
injury or severing of spinal cord above sacral region
89
What is the acute and chronic phase of an autonomic bladder
acute: spinal shock which temporarily suppresses micturition reflex reflex can gradually recover and become exaggerated leading to spasticity and all control by brain is lost
90
What is the cause of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
destruction of tracts carrying inhibitory impulses
91
what inputs are still in tact in an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
facilitatory (micturition control)
92
What is the net result of an uninhibited neurogenic bladder
micturition activated with small amounts of urine | detrusor hypertrophies and the bladder capacity is reduced
93
What happens during an UTI
uninhibited contraction of detrusor muscle with facilitation of micturition reflex urinary frequency and leakage

renal final (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions