urinary system Flashcards
cortex
glomeruli, prox and distal convoluted tubules
medulla
- loop of henle
- collecting duct
what does the prox conv tubule have that the distal one doesnt
microvilli (brush border)
*both are simple cuboidal epithelium
type of epi in THICK loope of henle
simple cuboidal
type of epi in THIN loop of henle
simple squamous
epi for collecting tubules
becomes progressively bigger (cuboidal to columnar)
interstitium
- mesenchymal portion
- collagen, matrix proteins, fibroblasts, immune cells
what do fibroblasts secrete in the kidney
erythropoietin and prostaglandins
kidney gets blood supply from
main renal artery (a branch of the aorta)
vasa recta
descending arterioles and ascending venules
mesangium
branches of the glomerulus
-fn: scaffolding
basement membrane is formed by
matrix
made by endothelium and podocytes
what would you see in a glomerulus
- podocytes
- mesangial cells
- endothelial cells
filtrate forms in the
bowmans space
function of podocytes
filtration barrier
juxtaglomerular apparatus
between distal tubule and glomerulus
-found lining the afferent arteriole
cells of the juxtagomerular apparatus
secrete renin which increases BP (vasocontrict)
macula densa
lines the distal tubule
function of macula densa
- detect sodium levels
- when Na is high, causes contraction of afferent arteriole to lower blood flow to glomerulus
female urethra
- transitional near bladder
- rest is stratified squamous
- small mucosal glands
male urethra
- longer
- prostate urethra: transitional
- long portion (membranous): stratified columnar
- exit: stratified squamous
Thin loop of henle
Descending portion
Thick loop of henle
Ascending portion
