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Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

Lab final urinary system deck

1
Q

Primarily responsible for removal of nitrogenous waste

A

Urinary System

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2
Q

Major homeostatic organ

A

Kidney

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3
Q

Forms part of the filtration membrane

A

glomerlous

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4
Q

Forms part of the filtration membrane. Spaces between the foot processes form filtration slits

A

Visecral layer of the glomerlus capsule

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5
Q

Forms the outside of the cuplike glomerural capsule. Plays NO role in filtration

A

Pariteal layer of glomerlus capsule

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6
Q

Structures within the renal capsule

A

glomerulus, visecreal layer of glomerulus capsule, and pariteal layer of glomrulus capsule

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7
Q

6 structures within renal tube

A

proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of the nephron loop, descending thin limb of the nephron loop, thick ascending limb of nephron loop, distal convulted tubule, collecting duct.

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8
Q

Highly coiled first section of the renal tubule

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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9
Q

First portion of nephron loop

A

Descending limb of nephron loop

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10
Q

A continuation of the descending limb

A

Descending thin limb of a nephron loop

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11
Q

The limb is thick

A

Ascending limb of nephron loop

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12
Q

Coiled distal portion of tubule

A

Distal convoluted tubule

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13
Q

Recieves filtrate from the DCT of multiple nephrons

A

Collecting duct

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14
Q

Primary site of tubular reabsorption of water and solutes. Some secretion also ocurs here

A

Proximal convoluted tubule.

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15
Q

Tubular reabsorption and secretion of water and solutes

A

Descending limb of nephron loop

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16
Q

Very permeable to water. Water is reabsorbed, but no solutes are reabsorbed.

A

Descending thin limb of nephron loop

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17
Q

Not permeable to water. Solutes are reabsorbed actiely and passively.

A

Ascending thick limb of nephron loop

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18
Q

Some . reabsorption of water and solutes and secretion, which are regulaed to meet the bodys needs.

A

Distal convoluted tubule

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19
Q

Some reabosrption and secretion to conserve body fluids, maintain blood pH, and regulate the solute concentrations

A

Collecting duct

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20
Q

where are digestive and metabolic waste excreted into?

A

The small intestine

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21
Q

Where is the CO2 from metabolism excreted?

A

The lungs

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22
Q

what is produced when amino acids are processed/used for energy and must be removed from blood?

A

NH3

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23
Q

When the amino group is removed before the processed amino acid can enter cellular respiration

A

deamination

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24
Q

what is toxic amonia converted into?

A

urea

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25
Q

what is water soluable that enters the blood into the kidneys ?

A

urea

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26
Q

role of kidney tubule cells

A

filter blood, process urine, regulate pH, electrolyte and water levels

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27
Q

carries urine from kidney to the bladder

A

ureters

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28
Q

Stretches to hold urine, contracts to expel urine.

A

Urinary bladder

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29
Q

Carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

A

urethra

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30
Q

The area where the ureters enter and the urethra exits

A

trigone

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31
Q

the sphincter under involuntary control

A

internal sphincter

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32
Q

the sphincter under voluntary control

A

external sphincter

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33
Q

This is a short tube in females, just anterior to the vagina

A

urethra

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34
Q

a shared urinary and reproductive system in males

A

urethra

35
Q

true or false: the urethra is a shared reproductive and urinary system in males

A

true

36
Q

this portion runs through the penis

A

spongy urethra

37
Q

surrounded by the prostate gland

A

prostatic urethra

38
Q

Which part of the kidney is filtrate reabsorbed

A

the cortex of kidney

39
Q

where is blood filtered in the kidney

A

the cortex

40
Q

carries urine down the calyces and into the renal pelvies

A

renal medulla

41
Q

true or false: water reabsorption also occurs in the medulla

A

true

42
Q

where do renal arteries branch off of?

A

the aorta

43
Q

collects blood from the interlobar veins and delivers it to the inferior vena cava

A

renal vein

44
Q

Where does the renal vein deliver the blood from the interlobar veins

A

the inferior vena cava

45
Q

run in between the medullary pyramids

A

interlobar veins

46
Q

interlobar veins run in between the

A

medullary pyramids

47
Q

arch over the pyramids between the cortex and medulla like their corresponding arteries

A

arcuate veins

48
Q

drain blood from capillaries into cortex

A

cortical radiate veins

49
Q

true or false- there are no segmental veins

A

true

50
Q

true or false- there are only segmental arteries, not veins

A

true

51
Q

ball of capillaries, filtration

A

glomerlulus

52
Q

drains the glomerlulus

A

efferent artriole

53
Q

branches off the cortical radiant artery in the cortex leading the balls of capillaries known as the glomerlulus

A

afferent artriole

54
Q

filter blood and reabsorb useful substances from subtrate

A

nephron

55
Q

what occurs between the glomerlus and glomerlus capsule

A

filtration

56
Q

what are the three main renal processes .

A

glomuluarl filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

57
Q

which arteriol has the larger diameter?

A

the afferent

58
Q

gaps in the capillaries make the glomerlus a leaky leaky ball of capillaries

A

fenestrations

59
Q

podocytes are part of what layer

A

visecreal layer of glomerulus

60
Q

outermost layer of glomerulus capsule

A

pariteal layer

61
Q

gaps between podocytes produce

A

filtration slits

62
Q

have microvilli and mitochondria to assist with reabsorption of valuable molecules by active transport. Most tubular reabsorption occurs here

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

63
Q

loop of helene is also known as the

A

nephron loop

64
Q

exchanges small amount of water and NaCl

A

loop of henle (nephron loop)

65
Q

blood vessels produce a countercurrent mechanism that creates a salt gradiant in medulla

A

Loop of henle (nephron loop)

66
Q

accomplishes reabsorption on a small scale, secretes molecules H and Na into tubule

A

Distal convoluted tubule

67
Q

important in regulating water reabsorption

A

collecting ducts

68
Q

turns water reabsorption on and off

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

69
Q

What would happen without ADH?

A

Water would stay stuck in the collecting duct

70
Q

With ADH, water gets reabsorbed where?

A

hypertonic medulla

71
Q

a drop in blood pressure or volume can trigger what

A

ADH

72
Q

What can inhibit ADH release

A

Drugs such as alcohol. They have a diaretic (causes increase urine output)

73
Q

What stimulates aldosterone release?

A

BP through the reninangiotensin mechanism

74
Q

What is needed to stimulate Na reabsorption by the distal and collecting tubules?

A

Aldosterone

75
Q

long-term bp homeostasis mechanism

A

Na+ reabsorption

76
Q

Triggers release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland

A

osmoreceptors

77
Q

substances that cant be suffiently reabsorbed from the nephron,

A

osmotic diaretics

78
Q

How much does the bladder fill when you feel the need to urinate?

A

200-300 ml

79
Q

What happens when you feel the need to urinate

A

parasympathetic fibers stimulate contraction of the bladder muscle, and relaxation of the sphincter muscles.
If there is a higher level of control, the EXTRERNAL sphincter can be contracted

80
Q

stimulate contraction of the bladder muscle, and relaxation of the sphincter muscle

A

parasympathatic fibers

81
Q

How long does it take the stimuli to go away when someone feels the need to urinate? When will the urge come back?

A

about a minute. if transition epithlium is capeable of stretching, the reflex will not occur until another 2-300 ml fills the bladder again.

82
Q

The most powerful stimulater of aldosterone realease

A

high pottasium

83
Q

Collecting ducts is permeable to water but not solutes via

A

osmosis

Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards (9 decks)

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