Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards > Reproductive system > Flashcards

Reproductive system Flashcards

Lab

1
Q

When does the reproductive system begin its biological function?

A

At puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the essential organs for reproduction in the male?

A

Gonags, testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the essential reproduction organs for a female?

A

Gonads, ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What produces the sex cells, gamates, and sex hormones?

A

Testes in males, ovaries in females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the males reproductive roles?

A

Manufacturing sperm which gets taken to the female reproductive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are female reproductive roles?

A

Making eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do the paired oval testes lie?

A

In the scrotum behind the adominopelvic cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the temperature of the testes? Why?

A

94 degrees. This is to ensure viable sperm production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What structures make up the duct system in males

A

epididymis , ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

an elongated structure running up the posterolateral aspect of the testis ending at the superior aspect

A

epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Forms the first portion of the duct system - Site for immature sperm to complete their maturation process

A

epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The . sperm duct

A

vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

arches superiorly from the epididymis Passes through the inguinal canal into the pelvic cavity and courses over the superior aspect of the urinary bladder Enclosed along with blood vessels and nerves in a connective tissue sheath called the spermatic cord

A

vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Terminus of the ductus deferens enlarges to form the region, ampulla, which empties into the

A

Ejaculatory duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the steps of ejaculation?

A

contraction of the ejaculatory duct propels sperm through the prostate to the prostatic urethra which empties into the intermediate part of the urethra and then into the spongy urethra, which runs through the length of the penis to the body exterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The liquid medium in which sperm leaves the body

A

seminal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Accessory glands for males

A

The prostate, seminal glands, and bulbo- urethral glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do the male accessory glands do?

A

produce seminal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

consists of sperm and seminal fluid

A

semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is special about semen?

A

It is alkaline and provides a buffer against the acidity of the femal vagina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the physiology behind a man getting an erection?

A

Internally, the penis consists of three enlogated cylindes of erectile tissue which engorge with blood during physical activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Paired glands located posterior to the urinary bladder

A

Seminal Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A duct from each one of these glands merges with a ductus deferen which forms the ejaculatory duct

A

Seminal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Single gland that encircles the prostatic urethrea inferior to the bladder

A

Prostate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Paired tiny glands that drain into the intermediate part of the urethrea

A

Bulbo urethreal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The dense connective tissue capsule that covers each teste

A

tunica albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Sperm forming factories

A

seminferious tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the sex hormones of females?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where are the sex hormones of females produced?

A

ovaries .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

consist of the mons pubis, the labia majora and minora, the clitoris, the external urethral and vaginal orifices, the hymen, and the greater vestibular glands

A

External genitalia of the female vulva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the internal organs of the female?

A

vagina, uterus, uterine tubes (fallopian tubes), ovaries, and ligaments supporting structures that suspends these organs into the pelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

serves as a copulatory organ, birth canal and menstrual flow passage way

A

Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Pear shaped, situated between the bladder and the rectum Muscular organ with its narrow end, the cervix, directed inferiorly

A

Uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

occurs when the fertilized egg implants in a uterine tube or even on the abdominal viscera

A

Ectopic pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the thick mucosal lining of the uterus, has a superficial functional layer, or stratum functionalis, that sloughs off periodically (every 28 days) in response to cyclic changes in the levels of ovarian hormones in the women’s blood

A

Endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Sloughing-off process, accompanied by bleeding

A

Menstruation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

10cm long and extend from the ovaries in the peritoneal cavity to the superolateral region of the uterus

A

Uterine tubes or fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Rounded fatty eminence that cushions the pubic symphysis, covered with course pubic hair after puberty

A

Mons pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Two enlongated hair covered skin folds that extend from the mons pubis.

A

Labia majora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Contain seabaceous glands, aprocrine glands, and adipose. THEY ARE HOMOLOGOUS TO SCROTUM

A

Labia majora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Two smaller folds located medial to the labia majora. Contains seabeacous tissues

A

Labia minora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the difference between the labia minora and labia majora?

A

The labia minora does not contain hair or adipose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Are ovaries connected to the uterine tube?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

How many lobes does each mammary gland consist of?

A

15-25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How do both meiosis and mitosis begin?

A

Doubling their chromosomes and dividing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the difference between meisosis and mitosis

A

After the chromsomes divide, meiosis continues on for a second division which cuts the chromosome number in half.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what meiosis produce in males?

A

4 equal sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what does meiosis produce in females

A

one large ovum, 3 non-functional polar bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Where is sperm stored?

A

the epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

long muscular tube which peristatically moves sperm toward the seminal vesicle

A

duct vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

this gland adds a small amount of alkaline mucus to the urethra to start neutralzing the acidic urethra

A

bulbo-urethral gland

52
Q

what types of cells produce sperm

A

spermatogenic

53
Q

which cells produce testosterone

A

interstitial cells between seminiferous tubules

54
Q

sperm move their _______ into the epididymis

A

head

55
Q

Long coiled tube where sperm are stored and able to mature

A

epididimyis

56
Q

how long is spermatogenis ?

A

about 24 days

57
Q

why are sperm modified to be as light weight as possible?

A

Because their goal is to deliver themselves to the egg

58
Q

What are the main parts of sperm?

A

acrosome, nucleus, mid-piece, and tail

59
Q

acrosome of sperm

A

digestive enzyme

60
Q

nucleus of sperm

A

with paired chromosomes

61
Q

mid-piece of sperm

A

with mitochondria

62
Q

tail of sperm is also

A

flagellum

63
Q

This hormone stimulates spermatogenis

A

FSH

64
Q

This hormone stimulates testosterone secretion

A

interstetial cell stimulating hormone

65
Q

The role of the prostate

A

contribute a citrate/enzyme secretion which activate and feed the sperm

66
Q

secrete an alkaline mixture of fructose, (feeds sperm) vitamin c, and prostaglandins. this fluid also helps neutralize acidic enviornment of vagina

A

seminal glands

67
Q

When ovulation occurs, the oocyte is picked up by the

A

uterine tube

68
Q

what structures help catch an oocyte before it gets lost in the body ?

A

wide ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae

69
Q

where must fertilization happen in order for pregnancy to occur?

A

the first 1/3 of the uterine tube

70
Q

what is unusual about the endometrium tissue?

A

it contains blood vessels

71
Q

important for expelling dead tissue at the end of a cycle, or pushing a fetus at the end of pregnancy

A

myometrium

72
Q

The smooth muscle in the wall of the uterus

A

myometrium

73
Q

What structures suspend the uterus

A

the broad ligament and round ligament (connective tissue)

74
Q

released from lining cells to feed bacteria that produce lactic acid

A

glycogen

75
Q

what kind of tissue is the vagina lined with

A

stratified squamous epithilium which has a great deal of elastic connective tissue in the wall.

76
Q

This is an accessory gland of the female reproducitve system which adapted from sweat glands.

A

Mammary gland

77
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary follicles layers

A

Primary layers have a layer or two of granular cells around the oocyte while secondary follicles have many layers of granosla around the oocyte

78
Q

how are oocytes present at birth?

A

as primordial follicles

79
Q

follicle cells left behind due to stimulation from LH becomewhat

A

corpus lutenum

80
Q

what doesthe corpus lutenum produce

A

estrogen and progesterone

81
Q

Why is it important for the corpus lutenum to produce estrogen and progesterone?

A

incase fertilization and implantation of an embryo occurs

82
Q

what does the cortus lutenum degenerate to if implantation and fertizlization does not occur?

A

corpus albicans

83
Q

gonadtropin is stimulated and released by

A

high estrogen levels

84
Q

old uterine lining shedding the first few days of the cycle is a result of

A

low sex hormone levels

85
Q

low sex hormone level results in

A

old uterine lining shedding the first few days

86
Q

what stimulates the growth of uterine lining

A

rising levels of estrogen growing from follicles

87
Q

which hormone stimulates sex drive in females?

A

estrogen

88
Q

estrogen stimulates the sex drive in females and also

A

mild uterine contraction which improves chances of fertilization

89
Q

in the female cycle of the uterus, which hormone is released first? second?

A

estrogen, then progesterone.

90
Q

How are the gamates produced in both males and females

A

through meiosis

91
Q

The testis is both an endocrine gland and exocrine gland. How so?

A

Endocrine makes testesterone and exocrine makes sperm

92
Q

sperm cells divide

A

mitotically

93
Q

sperm production is stimulated by which pituitary hormone?

A

fsh

94
Q

What is the tube cut in vasectomys?

A

vas deferens

95
Q

seminal vesicles produce what kind of fluid? What is it used for

A

fructose containing fluid. mitochondria of sperm will use this fluid as an energy source to proudce ATP for contractile proteins of flagellum.

96
Q

spongy gland which contracts to force its fluid through numerous pinhole openings in the prostatic urethra.

A

prostate gland

97
Q

deepest portion of the urethra, and contributes a fluid which helps to protect sperm while they travel through the urethra and vagina

A

prostate gland

98
Q

neutralize the acidic environment of the urethra

A

bulbo urethral

99
Q

secrete a small amount of an alkaline lubricating fluid

A

bulbo urethral

100
Q

two areas of erectile tissue are

A

corpa carvenosa and corpas spongisum.

101
Q

outside the shaft of the penis

A

corpus carvenosa

102
Q

involved in a negative feedback loop that reduces gonadotropin release

A

high levels of testesterone and inhibin

103
Q

Oocyte, zygpte, embryo, fetus

A

order of a baby

104
Q

vestibular glands are for

A

lubrication

105
Q

what is an important feature the vagina and uterus have

A

the ability to stretch

106
Q

how many female hormones are critical for to ovulation .

A

4 (2 ovarian, 2 from pituitary)

107
Q

mostly associated with thickening the uterine lining

A

estrogen

108
Q

mainly enhances its vascularization

A

progesterone

109
Q

these two hormones inhibit the release of pituitary hormones

A

estrogen and progesterone

110
Q

what is the hormone secreted by an embryo

A

HGC

111
Q

This hormone keeps the corpus lutmus going if an implantation occurs

A

HGC

112
Q

HGC is the same as

A

LH

113
Q

Explain why estrogen and progesterone levels stay high if pregnancy occurs

A

The embryos hormone is HGC, which is essentially LH. LH is what stimulates the corpus lutnem, so it keeps estrogen and progesterone levels high which means the lining of the endomentirum will not shed. This is why a missed period is a sign of pregnancy.

114
Q

Nutrient/waste filter between maternal and fetal circulation. Also develops its own estrogen and progesterone

A

placenta

115
Q

True/false: it only takes one sperm to get you pregnant

A

false.

116
Q

what is a sperm count that is considered low fertility?

A

10 million

117
Q

what happens to the oocyte after the sperm reaches it?

A

It depolarizes temporarily inhibiting any sperm from attaching to the membrane (fast block)

118
Q

the block of entry of more than one sperm to the oocyte

A

blocks to polyspermy

119
Q

why must fertilization happen in the first 1/3 part of the uterine tube?

A

Because it takes several days of cell division for the zygote to develop into an embryo capeable of implanting into the uterine tube.

120
Q

cells capeable of attaching to and eating into the uterine lining

A

inner cell mass

121
Q

cells that form a pattern of finger like microvilli which will hold growing embryonic/fetal blood vessels

A

trophoblast

122
Q

digest through the glycoprotein layer around oocyte

A

acrsomal enzymes

123
Q

when does the second part of meiosis in females finish

A

penetration by sperm

124
Q

forms the placena

A

trophoblast

125
Q

develops into the fetus

A

blastodisc

126
Q

fingerlike projections that surround maternal blood lacune

A

chronic villi

127
Q

vessles between the placenta and fetus are th e

A

umblical arteries and veins

Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions