Urinary System Flashcards
The middle layer of the kidney which contains the loops of he Le of the nephrons
Medulla
Water, nitrogenous wastes, glucose, and salts leave the blood during _________ filtration
Pressure
The process of removing metabolic wastes from the body
Excretion
As the loop of Henley descends deeper into the medula, the sourrounding tissue becomes _______ in solute concentration
Higher
Active transport of molecules out of the filtrate and back into the blood requires this energy molecule
ATP
_________ transport is used to move glucose out of the filtrate and back into the blood in the PCT
Active
The ______ duct moves urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis
Collecting
Water that has left the descending loop of henle cannot re enter in the ascending loop of henle because it is _____ to water
Impermeable
The _________ can override the urge to urinate
Brain
After pressure filtration has occurred, this distance is present in the proximal convoluted tubule
Filteate
A hormone, released by the adrenal cortex, which increases Na+ reabsorption and promotes the excretion of K +
Aldosterone
________ receptors in the bladder send impulses to spinal cord and brain, indicating that the bladder is full
Stretch
Paired organs which remove carbon dioxide from the blood
Lungs
A large organ which breaks down toxic substances in the blood
Liver
ADH regulates blood pressure by controlling blood ______
Volume
RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and plasma _______ do not leave blood during pressure filtration in the glomerulus
Proteins
Paired organs involved in removing toxic substances from the blood
Kidneys
The material passing through the loop of henle is known as ______ fluid
Tubular
The loop of _______ is where the majority of water present in the filtrate is reabsorbed
Henle
The ______ arteriosclerosis brings blood to the glomerulus
Afferent
The ______ is a tube which leads from the urinary bladder to the outside environment
Urethra
The urethra has both an internal and external _________ muscle which prevent urine from leaving the bladder
Sphincter
___________ ‘s capsule is where blood is pressure filtered in the first step of urine formation
Bowman
A waste product produced during metabolism which can cause gout if levels become too high
Uricacid
Consumption of this substance inhibits the secretion of ADH and therefor makes you urinate more frequently
Alcohol
The abbreviation for the tube which carries forming urine (filtrate) towards towards the loop of henle
PCT
The outer layer of the kidney which contains the nephrons
Cortex
A tangled knot of capillaries, which are the site of pressure filtration of blood
Glomerulu
The kidneys can regulate blood ____ by selectively re absorbing HC03 - and Na+ and selectively excreting H+ and NH3
PH
Urine is stored in the ______ prior to urination occurring
Bladder
Substances that are not initially removed from the blood by pressure filtration can be added to the forming urine in the DCT. This is an active transport process and is called tubular ______
Secretion
The ______ arteriole takes bloom away from the glomerulus
Efferent
The primary role of the loop of henle is the reasbsoption of ________
Water
This treatment is administered to people whose kidneys are functioning very poorly
Dialysis
Calcium salts and Utica acid can sometimes precipitate out of the forming urine to produce painful kidney
Stones
The abbreviation for the tube which carries forming urine away from the loop henle
DCT
The _____ arteries and veins transfer blood to and from the kidneys
Renal
The innermost region of the kidney, where urine collects before heading into the ureter
Pelvis
A toxic substance produced during dean inaction of amino acids which is quickly converted to less toxic urea by the liver
Ammonia
High blood pressure in the glomerulus is maintained by the secretion of the substance called ______
Renln
A tube which leads from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder
Ureter
