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Bio 12 > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The middle layer of the kidney which contains the loops of he Le of the nephrons

A

Medulla

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2
Q

Water, nitrogenous wastes, glucose, and salts leave the blood during _________ filtration

A

Pressure

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3
Q

The process of removing metabolic wastes from the body

A

Excretion

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4
Q

As the loop of Henley descends deeper into the medula, the sourrounding tissue becomes _______ in solute concentration

A

Higher

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5
Q

Active transport of molecules out of the filtrate and back into the blood requires this energy molecule

A

ATP

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6
Q

_________ transport is used to move glucose out of the filtrate and back into the blood in the PCT

A

Active

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7
Q

The ______ duct moves urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis

A

Collecting

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8
Q

Water that has left the descending loop of henle cannot re enter in the ascending loop of henle because it is _____ to water

A

Impermeable

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9
Q

The _________ can override the urge to urinate

A

Brain

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10
Q

After pressure filtration has occurred, this distance is present in the proximal convoluted tubule

A

Filteate

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11
Q

A hormone, released by the adrenal cortex, which increases Na+ reabsorption and promotes the excretion of K +

A

Aldosterone

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12
Q

________ receptors in the bladder send impulses to spinal cord and brain, indicating that the bladder is full

A

Stretch

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13
Q

Paired organs which remove carbon dioxide from the blood

A

Lungs

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14
Q

A large organ which breaks down toxic substances in the blood

A

Liver

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15
Q

ADH regulates blood pressure by controlling blood ______

A

Volume

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16
Q

RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and plasma _______ do not leave blood during pressure filtration in the glomerulus

A

Proteins

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17
Q

Paired organs involved in removing toxic substances from the blood

A

Kidneys

18
Q

The material passing through the loop of henle is known as ______ fluid

A

Tubular

19
Q

The loop of _______ is where the majority of water present in the filtrate is reabsorbed

A

Henle

20
Q

The ______ arteriosclerosis brings blood to the glomerulus

A

Afferent

21
Q

The ______ is a tube which leads from the urinary bladder to the outside environment

A

Urethra

22
Q

The urethra has both an internal and external _________ muscle which prevent urine from leaving the bladder

A

Sphincter

23
Q

___________ ‘s capsule is where blood is pressure filtered in the first step of urine formation

A

Bowman

24
Q

A waste product produced during metabolism which can cause gout if levels become too high

A

Uricacid

25
Q

Consumption of this substance inhibits the secretion of ADH and therefor makes you urinate more frequently

A

Alcohol

26
Q

The abbreviation for the tube which carries forming urine (filtrate) towards towards the loop of henle

A

PCT

27
Q

The outer layer of the kidney which contains the nephrons

A

Cortex

28
Q

A tangled knot of capillaries, which are the site of pressure filtration of blood

A

Glomerulu

29
Q

The kidneys can regulate blood ____ by selectively re absorbing HC03 - and Na+ and selectively excreting H+ and NH3

A

PH

30
Q

Urine is stored in the ______ prior to urination occurring

A

Bladder

31
Q

Substances that are not initially removed from the blood by pressure filtration can be added to the forming urine in the DCT. This is an active transport process and is called tubular ______

A

Secretion

32
Q

The ______ arteriole takes bloom away from the glomerulus

A

Efferent

33
Q

The primary role of the loop of henle is the reasbsoption of ________

A

Water

34
Q

This treatment is administered to people whose kidneys are functioning very poorly

A

Dialysis

35
Q

Calcium salts and Utica acid can sometimes precipitate out of the forming urine to produce painful kidney

A

Stones

36
Q

The abbreviation for the tube which carries forming urine away from the loop henle

A

DCT

37
Q

The _____ arteries and veins transfer blood to and from the kidneys

A

Renal

38
Q

The innermost region of the kidney, where urine collects before heading into the ureter

A

Pelvis

39
Q

A toxic substance produced during dean inaction of amino acids which is quickly converted to less toxic urea by the liver

A

Ammonia

40
Q

High blood pressure in the glomerulus is maintained by the secretion of the substance called ______

A

Renln

41
Q

A tube which leads from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

A

Ureter

Bio 12 (7 decks)

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