Urinary System Flashcards
Nephr/o, ren/o
kidney
Hydro/o
water
Cyst/o
bladder
hydronephrosis
abnormal condition involving back up of urine into the kidney
pyel/o
renal collecting ducts
ur/o, -uria
urine
olig/o
scanty, less than normal
-pexy
to surgically reattach, fix in normal position
nephrosis
noninflammatory disease of kidneys
nephrolith
a kidney stone
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra, the final pathway of urine in both sexes, and the common pathway for urine and semen in the male
nocturia
frequently getting up and urinating during the night
enuresis
involuntary release of urine, most often in references to “bedwetting”
Nephrologist
physician specializing in kidney diseases.
Urologist
a physician specializing in the genitourinary tract, which includes kidneys, urinary bladder and urethra of both men and women and the prostate and testes in men.
Cystoscopy
looking into the urinary bladder with a fiberoptic instrument.
Intravenous pyelogram
special X-rays showing the drainage pattern of the kidneys. A dye opaque to X-rays is injected into a vein. After a waiting period for the blood and dye to pass through the kidneys, X-rays can be taken of the collecting system of the kidney, ureter and bladder.
Retrograde pyelogram
In this procedure a dye opaque to X-rays is flushed backwards up the urethra and bladder and up the ureters to the kidneys.
Voiding cystourethrogram
an imaging technique (X-ray) displaying the urethra and bladder while urinating!
Dialysis
a procedure for cleansing the blood of waste products in individuals with complete kidney failure or who have had kidneys removed by surgery. With the in-hospital procedure, the patient’s blood is circulated through a machine that removes waste products. The blood is recirculated back into the patient.
Lithotripsy
Crushing kidney stones with sound waves. Unlike cholelithotripsy (crushing of gallstones), which is no longer done, the sludge from crushing kidney stones has an easy direct pathway out of the body (down the ureter to the bladder and out the urethra). Nephrolithotripsy is an elective procedure that may spare a patient surgery.
