Urinary System

Question 1

Nephr/o, ren/o

Answer 1

kidney

Question 2

Hydro/o

Answer 2

water

Question 3

Cyst/o

Answer 3

bladder

Question 4

hydronephrosis

Answer 4

abnormal condition involving back up of urine into the kidney

Question 5

pyel/o

Answer 5

renal collecting ducts

Question 6

ur/o, -uria

Answer 6

urine

Question 7

olig/o

Answer 7

scanty, less than normal

Question 8

-pexy

Answer 8

to surgically reattach, fix in normal position

Question 9

nephrosis

Answer 9

noninflammatory disease of kidneys

Question 10

nephrolith

Answer 10

a kidney stone

Question 11

urethritis

Answer 11

inflammation of the urethra, the final pathway of urine in both sexes, and the common pathway for urine and semen in the male

Question 12

nocturia

Answer 12

frequently getting up and urinating during the night

Question 13

enuresis

Answer 13

involuntary release of urine, most often in references to “bedwetting”

Question 14

Nephrologist

Answer 14

physician specializing in kidney diseases.

Question 15

Urologist

Answer 15

a physician specializing in the genitourinary tract, which includes kidneys, urinary bladder and urethra of both men and women and the prostate and testes in men.

Question 16

Cystoscopy

Answer 16

looking into the urinary bladder with a fiberoptic instrument.

Question 17

Intravenous pyelogram

Answer 17

special X-rays showing the drainage pattern of the kidneys. A dye opaque to X-rays is injected into a vein. After a waiting period for the blood and dye to pass through the kidneys, X-rays can be taken of the collecting system of the kidney, ureter and bladder.

Question 18

Retrograde pyelogram

Answer 18

In this procedure a dye opaque to X-rays is flushed backwards up the urethra and bladder and up the ureters to the kidneys.

Question 19

Voiding cystourethrogram

Answer 19

an imaging technique (X-ray) displaying the urethra and bladder while urinating!

Question 20

Dialysis

Answer 20

a procedure for cleansing the blood of waste products in individuals with complete kidney failure or who have had kidneys removed by surgery. With the in-hospital procedure, the patient’s blood is circulated through a machine that removes waste products. The blood is recirculated back into the patient.

Question 21

Lithotripsy

Answer 21

Crushing kidney stones with sound waves. Unlike cholelithotripsy (crushing of gallstones), which is no longer done, the sludge from crushing kidney stones has an easy direct pathway out of the body (down the ureter to the bladder and out the urethra). Nephrolithotripsy is an elective procedure that may spare a patient surgery.