Urinary System

Question 0

This is the inner layer of the kidney

Answer 0

Renal medulla

Question 1

This is the superficial layer of the kidney. It is shaded dark brown due to the dense system of blood vessels that aid in the filtering of blood in the kidney

Answer 1

Renal cortex

Question 2

These are a series of darker, conical regions found in the renal medulla. The majority of the tubules of the nephrons occur in these regions.

Answer 2

Renal pyramid

Question 3

These are inward extensions of the renal cortex that separate the renal pyramid

Answer 3

Renal columns

Question 4

These are the tips at the base of the renal pyramids which project into a minor calyx. These structures drain urine from the pyramids into the minor calyxes

Answer 4

Renal papillae

Question 5

A cup-shaped cavity at the base of the renal papilla, which drains urine from the renal papillae into the major calyxes

Answer 5

Minor calyx

Question 6

The cavity formed by the convergence of several minor calyxes which drain urine from the minor calyxes into the renal pelvis

Answer 6

Major calyx

Question 7

A funnel shaped cavity formed by the convergence of the major calyxes, which collects urine from the major calyx and joins the ureter

Answer 7

Renal pelvis

Question 8

A tube which conducts urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

Answer 8

Ureter

Question 9

The connective tissue covering the external surface of the kidney

Answer 9

Renal capsule

Question 10

The vessel which carries oxygenated blood from the aorta to the kidney to be filtered

Answer 10

Renal artery

Question 11

The vessel which carries unoxygenated and filtered blood from the kidney to the inferior vena cava

Answer 11

Renal vein

Question 12

wbc in the urine suggests an infection in the urinary tract

Answer 12

Leukocytes

Question 13

Presence of this compound indicates a probable urinary tract infection. when bacteria in the urine change nitrate to nitrite

Answer 13

Nitrite

Question 14

Many factors such as drugs, diet, time of day, and health affect this

Answer 14

pH

Question 15

Acute causes may include severe emotional stress, strenuous exercise, or fever.
Chronic causes may be diabetes, malaria, heat disease, high blood pressure sickle cell anemia, or even pregnancy.

Answer 15

Protein

Question 16

This compound forms from the breakdown of bilirubin, and eliminated from the body through bile, into the digestive tract.
May indicate liver damage or blockage of the flow of bile from gallbladder

Answer 16

Urobilinogen

Question 17

This compound is formed from the breakdown of red blood cells it is not normally found in urine.
It’s presence may indicate liver damage, or blockage of the flow of bile from the gallbladder

Answer 17

Bilirubin

Question 18

can indicate diabetes mellitus, kidney damage, or stress.

Answer 18

Glucose

Question 19

when fat is metabolized for energy.
A large amount may indicate:
Low carbohydrate diet, starvation, or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Answer 19

Ketone

Question 20

The presence of RBCs in the urine indicates damage to the kidneys caused by inflammation, kidney stones, kidney disease, or blunt trauma.

Answer 20

Blood