Urinary system

Question 1

What are the functions of the Urinary system

Answer 1

• Filters waste products from blood
• Regulates volume/composition of body fluids
• Regulates blood pressure
• Removes toxins from body
• Reabsorbs essential nutrients

Question 2

What is the function of the kidney

Answer 2

-Filter blood to remove waste
-Control fluid levels in body

Question 3

What are the layers of the kidney

Answer 3

1. Cortex - Site of most of the nephrons. Contains renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules.
2. Medulla - Contains loops of Henle and collecting ducts.
3. Pelvis - Connects kidney to ureter

Question 4

What are nephrons

Answer 4

Functional units of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.

Question 5

Ureter function

Answer 5

Carry urine from kidneys to bladder

Question 6

Bladder function

Answer 6

Stores urine until its expelled

Question 7

Urethra function

Answer 7

Carries urine from bladder to outside body

Question 8

What is the role of sodium in osmoregulation

Answer 8

-plays a crucial part in regulating fluid balance (determines plasma volume)

Question 9

What are the parts of the nephron

Answer 9

-Renal corpuscle
-Proximal convoluted tubule
-Loop of Henle
-Distal convoluted tubule

Question 10

What is the function of the Renal corpuscle/ its components

Answer 10

Blood filtration
1. Glomerulus; where filtration happens
2. Bowman’s capsule; surrounds the glomerulus and collects filtrate.

Question 11

What are the functions of the Proximal Convoluted tubule

Answer 11

• Reabsorption: reabsorbs water, glucose and nutrients
• Secretion: Excretes waste products into tubular fluid
• Also facilitates water reabsorption by creating an osmotic gradient.

Question 12

What is the function of the loop of Henle

Answer 12

Receives filtrate from Glomerulus and helps reabsorb water/ions into bloodstream as filtrate passes through.

Question 13

What is the function of the Distal convoluted tubule

Answer 13

Further water reabsorption and waste ion secretion.

Question 14

Nephrons role in Osmoregulation

Answer 14

Filtration: Blood enters glomerulus and waste products are filtered into Bowman’s capsule
Reabsorption: Proximal tubule reabsorbs a lot of filtered water so blood volume and composition stays consistent.
ADH regulation: ADH makes DC tubules more permeable so water can be reabsorbed into bloodstream.